NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,
ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

“When found, make a note of.”—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

CONTENTS.

NOTES

UNPUBLISHED LETTER OF HORACE WALPOLE

I have the pleasure of inclosing to you (I believe) an
unpublished letter of Horace Walpole’s. It was found among the
papers of the late William Parsons, one of the Della Cruscan poets.
That it is genuine I have no doubt. The handwriting is precisely
similar to a note sent with a copy of the Mysterious Mother
to Mr. Parsons, in which Horace Walpole writes, “he is unwilling to
part with a copy without protesting against his own want of
judgment in selecting so disgusting a subject; the absurdity of
which he believes makes many faults of which he is sensible in the
execution overlooked.” It is also guaranteed by its
date,—”Paris, July 28. 1771.” By reference to his
correspondence with Sir H. Mann (vol. ii. p. 163.), we find a
letter dated July 6, 1771, in which he writes, “I am not gone; I do
go to-morrow;” and in his General Correspondence, vol. v. p.
303., writing to John Chute, his letter is dated from Amiens, July
9. 1771, beginning, “I am got no farther yet;” and he returned to
Arlington Street, September 6. 1771, having arrived at Paris on the
10th of July, and quitted it on the 2nd of September. I notice the
dates, as they indicate the rate of travelling in some degree at
that period. The Query is, to whom was it addressed? There is
nothing on the original to indicate the person. The letter is of no
great importance, except as it shows that Walpole, under certain
conditions of being, was more earnest and sincere than perhaps was
in his nature, or was generally his wont.

SPENCER HALL.

Athenæum, Feb. 25. 1850.

“Paris, July 28. 1771.

“Dear S’r.

“I have received no letter from my brother, and consequently
have no answer to make to him. I shall only say that after entering
into a solemn engagement with me, that we should dispose of the
places alternately, I can scarce think him serious, when he tells
you he has made an entirely new arrangement for ALL the
places, expects I shoud concur in it; and after that, is so good as
to promise he will dispose of no more without consulting me. If He
is so absolutely master of all, my concurrence is not necessary,
and I will give none. If he chuses to dispose of the places
without me, That matter with others more important, must be
regulated in another manner,—and it is time they shoud, when
no agreement is kept with me, and I find objections made which,
upon the fullest discussion and after allowance of the force of my
arguments and right, had been given up twenty years ago.

“With regard to your letter, S’r, some parts of it are, I
protest, totally unintelligible to me. Others, which I think I do
understand, require a much fuller answer than I have time to give
now, as the post goes out to-morrow morning. That answer will
contain matter not at all fit for the Post, and which I am sure you
woud not wish shoud be handled there; for which reason I shall
defer it, till I can give my answer at length into your own hands.
It will, I believe, surprize both you and my brother; and show how
unkindly I have been {274} treated after doing everything to
accommodate both. As to the conditions which you say, S’r, you
intend to exact from my brother, you will undoubtedly state them to
him himself; and cannot expect I should meddle with them or be
party to them. Neither you nor he can imagine that I am quite so
tame an idiot as to enter into bonds for persons of his
recommendation. If the office is his, he must be answerable
for it, and for all the persons he employs in it. I protest against
every thing that is not my own act—a consequence he perhaps
did not foresee, when he chose, contrary to his agreement with me,
to engross the whole disposition. I have always known clearly what
is my own right and on what founded; and have acted strictly
according to my right, and am ready to justify every step of my
conduct. I have sufficiently shown my disposition to peace, and
appeal to you yourself, S’r, and to my brother, whether either can
charge me with the least encroachment beyond my right; and whether
I have not acquiesced in every single step that either has desired
of me. Your letter, S’r, and that you quote of my brother, have
shown how necessary it is for me to take the measure I am
determined to take. I would have done any thing to oblige either
you or my brother, but I am not to be threatened out of my right in
any shape. I know when it is proper to yield and when to take my
stand. I refused to accept the place for my own life when it was
offered to me: when I declined that, it is not probable that
I would hold the place to the wrong of anybody else; it will and
must be seen who claims any part or prerogatives of the
place unjustly; my honour demands to have this ascertained, and I
will add, that when I scorned a favour, I am not likely to be
intimidated by a menace.

“I say all this coolly and deliberately, and my actions will be
conformable. I do not forget my obligations to you, dear S’r, or to
your dead brother, whose memory will ever be most dear to me.
Unkind expressions shall not alter the affection I have for you and
your family, nor am I so unreasonable, so unjust, or so absurd as
not to approve your doing every thing you think right for your own
interest and security and for those of your family. What I have to
say hereafter will prove that these not only are but ever have
been my sentiments. I shall then appeal to your own truth
whether it is just in you to have used some expressions in your
letter, but as I mean to act with the utmost circumspection and
without a grain of resentment to anybody, I shall say no
more till I have had full time to weigh every word I shall use, and
every step I mean to take. In the meantime I am,

“Dear S’r,

“Yr obliged humble serv’t,

“HOR. WALPOLE.

“P.S. My refusal of the patent for my life has shown what value
I set upon it; but I will have justice, especially for my
character, which no consideration upon earth shall prevent my
seeking. It must and shall be known whether I enjoy the place to
the wrong of any man living. You have my free consent, S’r, to show
this letter to whom you please; I have nothing to conceal, and am
ready to submit my conduct to the whole world.”

LADY ARABELLA STUART.

As a pendant to Mr. P. Cunningham’s “New Facts about Lady
Arabella Stuart” (No. 1. p. 10.). I send you a copy of Bishop
James’ Account and Quietus in respect of 300l., placed in
his hands “for the expences of dyett and other chardges of the
Ladye Arabella Seymour comytted to his safe kepinge.” The original
document is in my possession.

ROBT. COLE. Feb. 11, 1850.

“The Accompte of the Lorde Byshopp of Durham for cccli,
receaved for the chardge of the Ladye Arbella Seymour.

“The Declaration of the Accompte of the Reverende Father in God
Will’m James Lorde Bysshoppe of Duresme for the some of Three
hundreth poundes imprested to him out of the Receipte of the Kinges
ma^ts Exchequer at Westmynster for the expences of dyett and other
chardges of the Ladye Arbella Seymour comytted to his safe kepinge
w^th an inteneon to have caryed into the Bysshoprycke of Duresme
there to have remayned under his chardge duringe the Kynges ma^ts
pleasure, viz^t betweene the xiiij^th of Marche 1610 in the viij^th
year of his highnes raigne and the last daye of the same moneth as
followeth.

“Readye money receaved, viz. of

“The Threasorer and vnder threr. of Th’exchequer in Mychas terme
in the viijth yeare of the Kinges ma’ts raigne by t’handes of
Thomas Wattson Esquire one of the Tell’rs for the chardges of
himselfe and his servaunts in his yorney w’th the saide Ladye
Arbella Seymour by pvie Seale dated the xiij of March 1610 and Lves
of the Lordes of the Councell …cccli. whereof

“Expences of dyett and other chardges of the Ladye Arabella
Seymour & others attendinge upon her, viz.

“Expences of dyett

“At Highgate for sixe dayes begonne the xvth daye of Marche 1610
and ended the xxjst of the same moneth on w’ch daye her Ladyshippe
remoued to Barnett. xviijli. vs. lijd.

“At Barnett for xj^en dayes begonne the xxjst of Marche 1610 at
Supper and ended the firste of Aprill 1611 at breakefaste beinge
that daye remoued to Eastbarnett. lxxjli. vs.
viijd.

“Chardges of y^e Stable, viz.

“Chardges of the Stable for the xvij dayes aboue-menconed, viz.
at Highgate for vj dayes ixli. xvijs. xd. and
at Barnett for xj dayes with vs. for dressinge one of the
lytter horses xxviijli. xijs. xjd., in all the
some of xxxviijli. xs. ixd.

{275}

“Lodginge and other necessaries, viz.

“Lodginge of some of the retinewe of the Lady Arbella and the
sayde Lorde Bysshoppe, viz. Highgate xxs. and at Barnett
viijs., in all xxviijs.

“Fyer lightes and other nessces with the lodginge of the saide
Lorde Bysshoppe and some of his servauntes at Highgate and Barnett
during the xvij dayes aforesaide. xjli. xjs.

“Rydinge and postinge chardges, viz. for posthorses from Lambeth
to Highgate xxxiiijs. iiijd. and from thence to
Barnett xxxiiijs. ixd. Mr. Beeston and others for
there chardges three several tymes to Barnett from London and from
Highgate xljs. iiijd. the servauntes of the Lorde
Bysshoppe of Durham sent at several tymes in the Lordes of the
Councell and for other busynesses concerning this servyce
xlvs. vjd. and to Sr. James Crofes Knight for the
chardges of himselfe his men and horses from Monday to Wednesday
night attendinge at London for this service xlijs.
vijd., in all ixli. xviijs. vjd.

“Rewardes to sondrye psons, viz. to messengers sent from the
Courte duringe the stay of the Lorde Bysshoppe at Highgate and
Barnett xxxixs. vjd. Dyverse psons whoe tooke paynes
at those twoe places vijli. xijs., vjd., given
in the Yune for glasses broken and in rewardes to the meaner
servauntes at Barnett xxxs., given to such an attended about
the posthorses vijs. vjd. and in rewarde to one of
the Tellors Clerkes whoe told and delivered the cccli. and
came to Durham House for the acquittance xxs., in all
xijli., ixs. vjd.

“Money payde by the saide Lorde Bysshoppe pte of the
cccli. by him receaved to Nicholas Paye gen. whoe hath for
the same yelded his accompte to the Kinges ma’tie.
cli..—cclxiijli. viijs.
viijd.

“Aud soe remayneth the some of xxxvjli. xjs.
iiijd.

“Whiche some the saide Lorde Bysshoppe of Durham hath payde into
the Kinges m’ts receipte of Th’excheq’r the vij’th daye of
Februarie in the nynth yere of his highnes raigne as by the tallie
thereof remayninge may appeare. And soe here Quyte.

“EX p FRA GOFTON

“Auditorem.”

THE NAME MARTEL.

I must confess that the article in No. 6. p. 86., which deprived
Charles Martel of his long-possessed distinction of “the hammerer”
gave me but little satisfaction. It was one of those old
associations that one does not like to have destroyed. I could not,
however, contradict your correspondents; and remained that very
uncomfortable person, “a man convinced against his will.” On
turning over my Ménagiana, yesterday, I stumbled upon the
name “Martel,” and, as the passage combines both your elements
(being a good note, and producing a query) I beg leave to offer it
to you.

“Dans le ll’me siècle les procès se
faisaìent aux vassaux par leurs Pairs, c’est-à-dire,
par leurs convassaux, et toute sorte de procès se font
encore présentement en Angleterre à toutes sortes
d’accusés par leurs Pairs, c’est-à-dire, par des
personnes de leur même état et de leur même
condition, à la réserve des Bourreaux et des
Bouchers, qui, à cause de leur cruauté ne sont point
juges. Géoffroi Martel, Comte d’Anjou, fit faire
ainsi le procès à Guérin de Craon, qu’il avait
fait foi et hommage de la Baronnie de Craon à Conan, duc de
Bretange. Géoffroi fit assembler ses Barons, qui, selon
l’ancienne forme observée en matière féodale,
firent le procès à Guérin, son vassal, et le
condamnèrent, quoiqu’il fùt absent.—Et il est
à remarquer à ce propos, que le Pape Innocent III.,
qui favourisait Jean sans-Terre, parcequ’en 1213 il avait
soûmis son royaume d’Angleterre au Saint Siége au
devoir de mille marcs d’argent par an, ayant allegué aus
Ambassadeurs de Philippe Auguste que Jean sans-Terre avait
été condammé absent, et que les loix
défendent de condamner les accusés sans les
ouïr; ils lui réspondirent que l’usage du Royaume de
France était de condamner les absents, aussi bien que les
présents, lorqu’ils avaient été deuëment
cités en jugement. Chez les Romains il n’était par
permis de condamner les absents: Non licet civem inauditum
damnare.“

Now, Sir, this passage shows “Martel,” as a name, like
that of “sans-Terre,” bestowed for some quality or circumstances
attached to the bearer;—and I should like to ask your
correspondents if they know how this Comte d’Anjou, became entitled
to it? He appears, from the date, to be the same Geoffrey who is
the ancestor of our Plantagenets, as the Comte d’Anjou,
contemporary with William the Conqueror, was named Fulk. If it can
be proved that this Count received this addition from his martial
prowess, I shall be strongly tempted to return to my creed
regarding Charles Martel.

W. ROBSON.

QUERIES AS TO JUNIUS.

Amongst the letters attributed to Junius, and, in the opinion of
Dr. Good, most certainly his production, is one signed “ATTICUS,”
under date of the 19th Aug. 1768, which contains an allusion to the
private affairs of the writer, by no means unimportant. It is as
follows:—

“The greatest part of my property having been invested in the
funds, I could not help paying some attention to rumours or events
by which my fortune might be affected: yet I never lay in wait to
take advantage of a sudden fluctuation, much less would I make
myself a bubble to bulls and bears, or a dupe to the pernicious
arts practised in the Alley. I thought a prudent man, who had any
thing to lose, and really meant to do the best for himself and his
family, ought to consider the state of things at large, of the
prospect before him, and the probability of public events. A
letter which appeared some days ago in the Public Advertizer
revived many serious reflections of this sort in my mind, because
it seemed to be written with candour and judgment. The effect of
those reflections was, that I did not hesitate to alter the
situation of my property.

“I owe my thanks to that writer that I am safely {276}
landed from a troubled ocean of fear and anxiety on which I
think I will venture my fortune and my happiness again,” &c.
&c.

There is no reason to question the truth of these sentiments.
The letter is believed to be the first which appeared signed
“ATTICUS,” and was written many months before the author became
known as Junius, and before any necessity had arisen for the
exercise of that habitual caution which he afterwards evinced in
the mention of any circumstance at all likely to lead to his
detection. Would it not, therefore, be worth while to ascertain the
date of the letter in the Public Advertizer which influenced
him, and then to search the names of the transferrors of stock
between that time and the 19th August? Many of the contributors to
the “Notes and Queries” have influence sufficient to obtain
permission from the proper authority for such a search. It is
observable, that as the amount transferred formed the
greatest part of his property, it would be somewhat
considerable, and might not be sold in the aggregate, but pass in
various sums to several purchasers.

JNO. SUDLOW. Manchester.

Junius and Sir G. Jackson.—I find no one has
answered my question about Sir George Jackson (No. 11. p. 172.). I
will therefore put another. I possess an unpublished letter by
Junius to Woodfall, which once belonged to Sir George Jackson. My
Query is, “Is it likely he could have obtained it from Junius, if
he was neither Junius himself nor a party concerned?” The manner in
which Burke evades the question as to himself being the author of
Junius makes me think two or three were concerned in these
Letters.

P.

NEW EDITION OF REV. DR. OWEN’S WORKS.

I gladly avail myself of the hint thrown out by “R.R.” (in No.
17.) to state that as I am engaged in editing a reprint of the
works of the Rev. Dr. Owen, and as I am exceedingly anxious to
ensure accuracy in the quotations from and references to the
Fathers, any suggestions which may be furnished by those of your
learned correspondents who may be conversant with the works in
question, will be very acceptable. I should wish much to obtain
original editions of the leading works, such as that On
the Person of Christ; On the Work of the Spirit; On
the Death of Death, in the Death of Christ. Have any of your
correspondents ever taken the trouble of collating the Greek and
Latin quotations with the authors quoted from, and examined the
references made to the Fathers and other ancient writers? Any
communication addressed to the editor of the works of Owen at
Messrs. Johnstone and Hunter, Publishers, Edinburgh, will be
promptly forwarded to me.

J.G. Dunnichen, Forfarshire.

MINOR QUERIES.

MS. Book of Hours.—In the sale catalogue of the
library of John Bridges, of Lincoln’s Inn, February, 1725, is
entered Lot 4311:—

“Missale quondam Henrici VII., regis Angliæ, ut ex ipsius
autographo in codicis initio patet, pulcherrime illuminatum, et
inconibus fere 80 exornatum. In pergameno, et ornatissime
compact.”

It appears, from Wanley’s Diary (MS. Lansd. 772.), that
this volume, which he calls a Primer, was purchased for the
Earl of Oxford (for 31l. 10s., as I learn from a
priced copy of the catalogue), and was highly valued. To judge from
the above description, it must have been a very beautiful book; and
as it does not seem to be at present among the Harleian collection
of MSS. in the British Museum, I should be glad to learn into whose
hands it has fallen. It is not the celebrated volume of
Hours known under the name of the Bedford Missal,
since that was purchased by Lord Harley of Lady Worseley, and is
now in the possession of the Rev. Mr. Tobin;—nor is it the
book of Hours in the library of the Duke of Devonshire
(described by Dr. Dibbin in the Bibl. Decameron, vol. i. p.
155.), which contains the autograph notes of Henry VII.;—nor
is it the similar volume formerly in the libraries of George
Wilkinson, of Tottenham Green (sold in 1836), and the Rev. Will.
Maskell, and now MS. Add. 17,012. in the British Museum, in which
are seen the autographs of Henry VII. and his Queen, Henry VIII.,
Catherine of Aragon, and others;—nor is it the beautiful
volume of Hours executed for René d’Anjou, and
subsequently presented to Henry VII. by his chaplain George
Strangeways, Archdeacon of Coventry (now in the British Museum, MS.
Eg. 1070.);—nor, lastly, is it the book of Hours in
the collection of George III. (No. 9.), which contains the
autograph writing of Henry VIII.

F.M. B.M., Feb. 19. 1850.

Bess of Hardwick.—Elizabeth, or Bess of Hardwick,
celebrated for her distaste for celibacy, makes a considerable
figure in the histories of the Cavendish family, who in some degree
owed their greatness to her judicious purchases and careful
management of their Derbyshire estates.

It appears, from the Derbyshire Visitations, that she was
one of the daughters of John Hardwick, of Hardwick co. Derby, by
his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Leake, of Hasland co. Derby,
and that John Hardwick died 19 Hen. VIII.

Can any of your readers inform me of the pedigree of this John
Hardwick?—what arms, crest, motto and quarterings he made use
of?—what persons now living are descended from him?—and
what became of his estates?

I presume that your typographical arrangements {277} do not
admit of the insertion of a regular pedigree; but the descents may
be stated as in Burke and similar Books.

GULES

Cæsar’s Wife..—”NASO” wishes to know where
the proverbial saying, “Cæsar’s wife must not even be
suspected,” first occurs.

Minar’s Books of Antiquities.—Can any one
conversant with the works of Cardinal Nicolas de Cusa inform me
what author he quotes as “Minar in his Books of Antiquities,” in
what language, and where existing? De Doctâ
Ignorantiâ, I. i. cap. 7.

A.N.

Proverb against Physicians.—”M.D.” wishes to be
informed of the earliest writer who mentions the proverb “Ubi tres
Medici, duo Athei.”

Compendyous Olde Treatyse.—In Ames’s
Typographical Antiquities, vol. i. p. 405. (ed. Herbert), is
described a work, printed by Rycharde Banckes, some time between
1525 and 1545, entitled, “A compendyous olde treatyse shewynge howe
that we ought to have the Scripture in Englyshe, with the
Auctours.” 12mo. 18 leaves. This copy belonged to Herbert himself,
and was probably obtained at the sale of Thomas Granger, in 1732.
Any information as to its wherabout at present, or the existence of
any other copy of the above tract, would confer a fabour on the
inquirer.

F.M.

The Topography of Foreign Printing Presses.—I have
often been at a loss to discover the locality of names which
designate the places where books have been printed at Foreign
presses; and “when found” to “make a note of it.” I was therefore
pleased to find in No. 16. p. 251., by the reply of “R.G.” to Mr.
Jebb, that “Cosmopolis was certainly Amsterdam,” and that
“Coloniæ” signifies “Amstelædami.” And I will take the
liberty of suggesting that it would be an acceptable service
rendered to young students, if your learned correspondents would
occasionally communicate in the pages of your work, the modern
names, &c. of such places as are not easily gathered from the
books themselves.

P.H.F.

Cromwell’s Estates.—In Carlyle’s edition of
Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches, there is a note (p. 75.
vol. iv. of the 3rd ed. 1850) containing a list of the estates
which the Protector owned at the time of his death, as follows;
there being, besides Newhall, specified as “in Essex,” five,
viz.—

of which the editor has ascertained the localities; and six,
viz.—

of which, he say, “he knows nothing.”

It would surely be a proper, and, one might hope, an attainable
object of inquiry, to search out these unplaced estates of the
great Protector, and give them a local habitation in modern
knowledge. This is precisely one of the kind of queries which your
publication seems best fitted to aid; and I therefore submit it, in
the hope of some discoveries, to your correspondents.

V. Belgravia, Feb. 18, 1850.

What are Depinges?—In the orders made in 1574 for
regulating the fishery at Yarmouth, the Dutch settlers there are
“To provide themselves with twine and depinges in foreign
places.” What are Depinges?

J.S.B.

REPLIES

ORIGIN OF THE JEWS-HARP.

The “Jews-harp,” or “Jews-trump,” is said by several authors to
derive its name from the nation of the Jews, and is vulgarly
believed to be one of their instruments of music. Dr. Littleton
renders Jews-trump by Sistrum Judaicum. But no such musical
intrument is spoken of by any of the old authors that treat of the
Jewish music. In fact, the Jews-harp is a mere boy’s plaything, and
incapable of in itself of being joined either with a voice or any
other instrument; and its present orthography is nothing more than
a corruption of the French Jeu-trompe, literally, a toy
trumpet. It is called jeu-trompe by Bacon, Jew-trump
by Beaumont and Fletcher, and Jews-harp by Hackluyt. In a
rare black-letter volume, entitled Newes from Scotland,
1591, there is a curious story of one Geilles Duncan, a noted
performer on the “Jews-harp,” whose performance seems not only to
have met with the approval of a numerous audience of witches, but
to have been repeated in the presence of royalty, and by command of
no less a personage than the “Scottish Solomon,” king James VI.
Agnes Sampson being brought before the king’s majesty and his
council, confessed that

“Upon the night of All-hallow-even last, shee was accompanied as
well with the persons aforesaid, as also with a great many other
witches, to the number of two-hundredth; and that all they together
went to sea, each one in a riddle or sive, and went into the same
very substantially, with flaggons of wine, making merrie, and
drinking by the way, in the same riddle or sives, to the Kirk of
North Barrick in Lowthian; and that after {278} they had
landed, tooke handes on the lande and daunced this reill or short
daunce, singing all with one voice,

“At which time, she confessed that this Geilles Duncan (a
servant girl) did goe before them, playing this reill or daunce
uppon a small trumpe called a Jews-trumpe, until they
entred into the Kirk of North Barrick. These confessions made the
King in a wonderfull admiration, and sent for the said Geilles
Duncan, who upon the like trumpe did play the saide daunce
before the Kinge’s Majestie; who in respect of the strangenes of
these matters tooke great delight to be present at their
examinations.”

It may be as well to mention that in the Belgic or Low Dutch,
from whence come many of our toys, a tromp is a rattle for
children. Another etymon for Jews-harp is Jaws-harp,
because the place where it is played upon is between the jaws. To
those who wish to learn more upon the subject, I beg to refer them
to Pegge’s Anonymiana; Dauncy’s Ancient Scottish
Melodies; and to my edition of Chettle’s Kind-Harts
Dream printed by the Percy Society.

Edward F. Rimbault.

[We are indebted also to Trebor, E.W.D., J.F.M.,
and F.P. for replies to this Query. They will perceive that Dr.
Rimbault had anticipated the substance of their several
communications.]

ÆLFRIC’S COLLOQUY.

I must trouble you and some of your readers with a few words, in
reply to the doubt of “C.W.G.” (No. 16. p. 248.) respecting the
word sprote. I do not think the point, and the Capital
letter to saliu in the Latin text, conclusive, as nothing of
the kind occurs in the A.-S. version, where the reading is clearly,
“swa hwylce swa, on watere swymmath sprote.” I have seen the
Cottonian MS., which, as Mr. Hampson observes, is very distinctly
written, both in the Saxon and Latin portions; so much so in the
latter, as to make it a matter of surprise that the doubtful word
saliu should ever have been taken for salu, or
casidilia for calidilia. The omission of the words
sprote and saliu, in the St. John’s MS., would only
be evidence of a more cautious scribe, who would not copy what he
did not understand.

Your correspondent’s notion, “that the name of some fish, having
been first interlined, was afterwards inserted at random in the
text, and mis-spelt by a transcriber who did know its meaning,”
appears to me very improbable; and the very form of the words
(sprote, saliu, supposing them substantives), which
have not plural terminations, would, in my mind, render his
supposition untenable. For, be it recollected, that throughout the
answers of the Fiscere, the fish are always named in the
plural; and it is not to be supposed that there would be an
exception in favour of sprote, whether intended for
sprat or salmon. Indeed, had the former been a river
fish, Hulvet and Palsgrave would have countenanced the supposition;
but then we must have had it in the plural form, sprottas.
As for the suggestion of sprod and salar, I cannot
think it a happy one; salmon (leaxus) had been already
mentioned; and sprods will be found to be a very confined
local name for what, in other places, are called scurfes or
scurves, and which we, in our ignorance, designate as salmon
trout. In the very scanty A.-S. ichthyologic nomenclature we
possess, there is nothing to lead us to imagine that our
Anglo-Saxon ancestors had any corresponding word for a salmon
trout. I must be excused, therefore, for still clinging to my own
explanation of sprote, until something more specious
and ingenious shall be advanced, but in full confidence, at
the same time, that some future discovery will elucidate its
truth.

S.W. Singer.

Feb. 19. 1850.

REHETING AND REHETOURS.

As Dr. Todd’s query (no. 10. p. 155.) respecting the meaning of
the words “Reheting” and “Rehetour,” used by our early English
writers, has not hitherto been answered, I beg to send him a
conjectural explanation, which, if not conclusive, is certainly
probable.

In the royal household of France, there was formerly an officer
whose duty it was to superintend the roasting of the King’s meat;
he was called the Hâteur, apparently in the sense of
his “hastening” or “expediting” that all-important operation. The
Fr. Hâter, “to hasten or urge forward,” would produce
the noun-substantive Hâteur; and also the similar word
Hâtier, the French name for the roast-jack. If we
consider Rehâteur to be the reduplicate of
Hâteur, we have only to make an allowable permutation
of vowels, and the result will be the expressive old English word
“Rehetour,” an appropriate name for the royal turnspit. Wycliffe
uses it, I think, in the sense of a superfluous servant, one whose
duties, like the Hâteur’s, were very light indeed. He
compares the founding of new Orders in an overburthened
Church-establishment to the making of new offices in a household
already crowded with useless (and consequently idle and vicious)
servants. The multitude of fat friars and burly monks charged upon
the community were “the newe rehetours that ete mennes mete,”
&c.

The term, thus implying an useless “do-nothing,” would soon
become one of the myriad of choice epithets in the vulgar
vocabulary, as in the instances from Dunbar and Kennedy.

In a better sense, a verb would be derived, easily; “to
rehâte,” or “rehete,” i.e. “to provide, {279}
entertain, or refresh with meat,” and thence, “to feast with
words,” as used by Chaucer and the old Romancists.

Mr. Halliwell’s authorities for rendering the participle
“Rehating” by “Burning, or smarting,” are not given; but if such a
meaning existed, it may have a ready explanation by reference to
the Hâuteur’s fireside labour, though suggestive of
unskilfulness or carelessness on his part.

John Westby Gibson.

5. Queen Square, Aldersgate Street, Feb. 8. 1850.

In answer to Dr. Todd’s inquiries, I would say, first of all,
the “rehatours” of Douglas and the other Scots are beside his
question, and a totally different word. Feelings cherished in the
mind will recur from time to time; and those malevolent persons,
who thus retain them, were said to re-hate, as they are now
said to re-sent.

But the verb really in question is, per se, a perfectly
plain one, to re-heat. The difficulty is as to its use. The primary
use, of course, is to heat again. The nearest secondary use
is “to cherish, cheer, or comfort, to refocillate;” which is too
plain to require more words. Another secondary meaning is “to
re-vive or to re-kindle” in its metaphoric sense. This may be said
well, as of life, health, or hope; or ill, as of war, hatred,
grief; or indifferently, as of love. What difficulty Mr. Tyrwhitt
could find in “the revival of Troilus’s bitter grief” being called
“the reheating of his sore sighs,” I cannot imagine. Even literal
heat is not wanting to sighs, and is often ascribed to them by
poets: and lovers’ sighs are warm in every sense. I think Tyrwhitt
has thrown upon this passage the only darkness that involves
it.

Now comes the more difficult point, which alone concerns Dr.
Todd in his highly interesting labours upon Wycliffe. And the
method which, until better advised, I should be inclined to follow
with those passages, is to take the word nearly, though not
exactly, in what seems to have been its most usual sense; not
indeed for comforters or cherishers, but for those who promote
comfort and convenience, viz., ministers or servants. It does not
at all follow, because he is blaming the introduction of these
persons as expensive, superfluous, and otherwise evil, that he
describes them by a word expressive of evil. As a ministering angel
would be a reheting angel, so I take a rehetor here to be simply a
minister, one who waits upon your occasions and serves you.

A.N.

ARABIC NUMERALS.

The history of the Arabic numerals, as they are generally
called, is so mixed up with that of the use of the decimal scale,
that they form, in fact, but a single inquiry. The mere history of
the bare forms of symbols has, doubtless, its use: but then it is
only in the character of matériel for a philosophical
discussion of the question—a discussion into which the
natural progress of the human mind and the urgency of social wants
must enter largely.

It might at first sight appear, from the cognate character of
the Hebrew and Arabic languages, that the idea of using a single
symbol for each number, might originate with either—with one
as likely as with the other. But on reflection it will readily
appear that the question rather resolves itself into one respecting
the “hand-cursive” of the Jews and Saracens, than into one
respecting the constitution of the languages. Of the Jewish we know
nothing, or next to nothing, at the period in question; whilst the
Arabic is as well known as even our own present style of
calligraphy. It deserves to be more carefully inquired into than
has yet been done, whether the invention of contracting the written
compound symbols of the digital numbers into single symbols did not
really originate amongst the Jews rather than the Saracens; and
even whether the Arabs themselves did not obtain them from the “Jew
merchants” of the earlier ages of our era. One thing is tolerably
certain:—that the Jew merchant would, as a matter of
precaution, keep all his accounts in some secret notation, or in
cipher. Whether this should be a modified form of the Hebrew
notation, or of the Latin, must in a great degree depend upon the
amount of literary acquirement common amongst that people at the
time.

Assuming that the Jews, as a literate people, were upon a par
with their Christian contemporaries, and that their knowledge was
mainly confined to mere commercial notation, an anonymous writer
has shown how the modifications of form could be naturally made, in
vol. ii. of the Bath and Bristol Magazine, pp. 393-412.; the
motto being valent quanti valet, as well as the title
professing it to be wholly “conjectural.” Some of the speculations
in it may, however, deserve further considerations than they have
yet received.¹

The contraction of the compound symbols for the first nine
digits into single “figures,” enabled the computer to dispense with
the manual labour of the abacus, whilst in his graphic
notation he retained its essential principle of place. It
seems to be almost invariably forgotten by writers on {280} the
subject, what, without this principle, no improvement in
mere notation would have been of material use in arithmetic; and on
the other hand that the main difference between the arithmetic of
the abacus and the arithmetic of the slate, consists
in the inevitable consequences of the denotation of the single
digits by single symbols.

The abacus, however, in its ordinary form, is essentially
a decimal instrument: but its form was also varied for commercial
purposes, perhaps in different ways. I never heard of the existence
of one in any collection: but there is preserved in the British
Museum a picture of one. This was printed by Mr. Halliwell in his
Rara Mathematica—not a fac-simile, but a rule and type
representation of it, ciphers being used by him for the circles in
the original. Mr. Halliwell gives it without note or remark; and
evidently had not divined its meaning. This was done, however, soon
after in a review of Mr. Halliwell’s book in the Philosophical
Magazine. I am not able at this moment to refer to either, so
as to give exact dates: but is was somewhere from 1838 to 1840.

Perhaps, however, I am giving “E.V.” information that may be
irrelevant to his purpose; though it may of some use to another
class of inquirers. I proceed, therefore, to one or two notices
that seem to have a more direct bearing on his object:

1. Chasles’ Aperçu Historique sur l’Origine et le
Développement de Méthodes en
Géométrie; passim, but especially in note xii.:
4to., Bruxelles, 1837.

2. Chasles’ several notices in Comptes Rendus des
Séances de l’Acad. des Sciences. All subsequent to the
“Aperçu.”

His Catalogue des Manuscrits de la Bibliothèque de
Ville de Chartres should also be consulted, if accessible to
“E.V.” Copies of it, however, are very rare in the country, as it
was privately printed and never published. If, however, your
correspondent have any serious inquiry in view which should render
his consultation of it desirable, I can put it in his power to do
so personally through you.

3. Libri, several notices in the same series of papers.

4. Libri, Histoire des Sciences Mathématiques en
Italie. Several places. Bactulica. Paris, 1838-1841. 4 tomes.
8vo.

5. Peacock (Dean of Ely), “Arithmetic,” in the
Encyclopædia Metropolitana. This is now, I believe to
be had either separately, or in the volume devoted to pure
“Mathematics.”

6. De Morgan, Penny Cyclopædia in loc., and
occasionally elsewhere in the work.

7. Leslie’s Philosophy of Arithmetic.

8. Humboldt, in a paper which is translated in the Journal of
the Royal Institution, vol. xxix.

I believe a good many other references might be made, with
little trouble, to foreign Mémoires; and (perhaps still more
to your correspondent’s apparent purpose) to some amongst the
Mémoires that relate to inscriptions and topography, rather
that amongst those relating directly to science or literature.
However, the two parts of the subject cannot be effectively studied
separately from each other; and I am not without a hope that these
straggling notes may be of some use to “E.V.”

Under the view of inscriptions it occurs to my memory that in
two or three places on the church of St. Brelade in Jersey, there
are marked four vertical straight lines, which are interpreted by
the natives to signify the Arabic numerals 1111; as the date MCXI
of the building of the church. The church is evidently a very
ancient one, and it is agreed to be the oldest in the island, and
the island historians assign it to the early part of the 12th
century. For these symbols being coeval with the building I do not
vouch: as (though it is difficult to say what may constitute
antiquity in the look of four parallel lines) I confess that to my
eye they had “as modern a look” as four such lines could well have.
The sudden illness of one of my party during our visit (1847),
however, precluded my examining that beautiful spot and its
interesting little church with the care I should have wished.

I may be allowed to suggest the necessity of some degree of
caution in discussing this question: especially not to assume that
any Arabic numerals which appear in ecclesiastical inscriptions are
coeval with the dates they express; but rather inquire whether,
from the condition of the stone bearing the inscription, these
numbers may not have been put there at a later period, during
repairs and alterations of the building itself. It is for many
reasons improbable, rather than otherwise, that the Arabic numerals
should have been freely used (if used at all) on ecclesiastical
structures till long after the Reformation: indeed they are not
so even yet.

But more. Even where there is authentic evidence of such symbols
being used in ecclesiastical inscriptions, the forms of them will
tell nothing. For generally in such cases an antique form of symbol
would be assumed, if it were the alteration of a “learned clerk;”
or the arabesque taste of the carver of the inscription would be
displayed in grotesque forms. We would rather look for genuine than
coeval symbols of this kind upon tombs and monuments, and the
altar, than upon the building itself; and these will furnish
collateral proofs of the genuineness of the entire inscriptions
rather than any other class of architectural remains. The evidence
of the inscriptions on “Balks and beams” in old manorial dwellings
is especially to be suspected.

T.S.D.

Shooter’s Hill, Feb 11, 1850.

Footnote 1:(return)

In vol. iii. of the same work is another paper by the same
author, entitled, “Conjectures respecting the Origin of Alphabetic
writing,” pp. 365-384. Reference to these papers is principally
made, not on the ground of any assumed merit, but because
all that has been written on any given subject ought, if
possible, to be brought before the minds of those engaged in the
prosecution of the inquiry./p>

Arabic Numerals.—If you think the following
{281} title will do for your correspondent
“E.V.” (No. 15. p. 230.), please to communicate it to him:

“Mannert, K., de Numerorum, quos arabicos voc., vera origine
pythagorico; e. Fig. aen. 8vo. Nürnberg, 1801.”

Oscar Heun.

Cambridge, Feb. 11. 1850.

Arabic Numerals (No. 15. p. 230.).—Your
correspondent should consult Peacock’s “History of Arithmetic” in
the Encyclopædia Metropolitana; and, if he can get
them, the notes to Chasles’ Aperçu Historique des
Méthodes en Géométric, and various papers
of Mr. Chasles, published in the Comptes Rendus of the
French Institute. He may perhaps find some information in De
Morgan’s Arithmetical Books, particularly at p. 14.

M.

THE FRATERNITY OF CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE—CHAUCER’S NIGHT
CHARM.

In a little work by Costanzi, entitled Le Istituzioni di
Pieta che si esercitano in Roma, &c., and published A.D.
1825, in Rome, where the schools under the management of that
brotherhood are in great favour, “C.F.S.” will find much to
interest him on the subject, though not exactly in the order in
which he has put his queries (No. 14. p. 214.), nor to their full
extent.

Mr. Thoms, to whom English mediæval literature is so much
beholden, asks very earnestly for some information about “the white
Paternoster” and “seynte Petres soster,” (No. 15. p. 229.). Perhaps
the following guesses may not be without use. First, then, about
the “white Paternoster:”

Henry Parker, a Carmelite friar of Doncaster, who wrote his
admirable Compendiouse Treatyse, or Dialogue of Dives and
Pauper, during the reign of Edward IV., speaking against
superstitions, and especially “craftes and conjurations with holy
prayers,” says:

“They that use holy wordes of the gospel, Pater noster, Ave, or
Crede, or holy prayers in theyr wytchecraftes, for charmes or
conjurations—they make a full hye sacrifice to the fende. It
hath oft ben knowen, that wytches, with sayenge of their Pater
noster and droppynge of the holy candell in a man’s steppes that
they hated, hath done his fete rotton of. Dr. What should the Pater
noster, and the holy candell do therto? Pau. Ryght nought. But for
the wytche worshyppeth the fende so highly with the holy prayers,
and with the holy candell, and used suche holy thinges in despyte
of God therefore is the fende redy to do the wytche’s wylle and to
fulfyll thinges that they done it for. ‘The Fyrst Command,’ cap.
XXXV. Fol. 52. Imprynted by T. Berthelet, 1536. 12mo.”

That the Pater noster used sometimes to be said with the wicked
design of working ill to individuals, and by those who were deemed
witches, is clear form the above extract: may not, then, this
“wytche’s” Pater noster be the “white” Pater noster, against which
the night-spell in Chaucer was employed? “Wyche” may easily be
imagined to have glided into “white.”

“Seynte Petres soster,” I suspect has a reference to St.
Petronilla’s legend. St. Petronilla, among our forefathers, was
called St. Pernell, and The Golden Lengend imprinted 1527,
by Wynkyn de Word, tells us, fol. cxxxi. b., that she “was doughter
of saynt peter thappostle, whiche was ryght fayre and bewteous, and
by the wyll of her fader she was vexed with fevers and akes.” For a
long while she lay bed-ridden. From the name of this saint, who
went through so many years of her life in sickness, perhaps was
borrowed the word “pernell,” to mean a person in a sickly weak
state of health, in which sense, Sir Thomas More (Works,
London, 1557, p. 893) employs it, while bantering Tindal. St.
Peter’s daughter (St. Pernell) came to be looked upon, in this
country, as the symbol of bad health under all its forms. Now, if
we suppose that the poet mistook, and wrote “soster” instead of
“doughter,” we immediately understand the drift of the latter part
of the spell, which was, not only to drive away witchcraft, but
guard all the folks in that house from sickness of every kind.

Daniel Rock.

Buckland, Faringdon.

REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.

By Hook or by Crook—Pokership—Gib
Cat—Emerod.—I regret that very pressing business
has hitherto prevented me from supplying an omission in my
communication relating to the probable derivation of “By Hook or by
Crook;” namely, my authority for saying there was evidence of the
usage I referred to in forest customs. I now beg to supply that
omission, by referring to the numerous claims for fuel wood made by
divers persons at the justice seats held in the reigns of Charles
I. and Charles II. for the New Forest, and which will be found at
the Tower and Chapter House. Among others of these claims, I would
mention that made by the tenant of land in Barnford, No. 112., who
claims to have had the privilege, from time immemorial, of
going into the king’s wood to take the dead branches off the
trees therein, “with a cart, a horse, a Hook and a Crook,
and a sail cloth.” Verily this necessity for a sail cloth seems to
point very distinctly to his being obliged to collect his fire-wood
“by Hook or by Crook.” May I add, that I do not think that any of
the notes I have seen hitherto, with reference to this subject,
invalidate the supposition of the origin being forestal; all that
they {282} appear to me to prove is, that the
saying is of long standing.

With reference to the query regarding the word Pokership (No.
12. p. 185.), I would observe, that the word is correctly copied
from the grant, and that it was so spelt in all the previous grants
that I have been able to refer to. As to the meaning of the word, I
am of the opinion that it is intended to express the office of
keeping the hogs in the forest, i.e. Porcarius. Pokership
was probably spelt in early times Pawkership, from Pawn, I
apprehend; subsequently it was either spelt or pronounced
Paukership or Pokership. In corroboration of this view, I would
mention, that on referring to the Pipe Roll, 6 John, county of
Hereford, the following will be found:—”Hubert de
Burgo, Et i libæ const. Parcario de heford, xxxs. vd.” If,
however, Parkership be deemed the more correct reading, still it
does not of necessity apply to the custody of a park; it might have
denoted the pound-keeper, for, in matters relating to manors,
parcus means a pound.

With respect to the query about Gib Cat, you will find the
subject treated on largely in the Etymologicon—I may
say, exhausted.

By the bye, there can be no doubt that Emerod means Emerald;
formerly Emerald would be spelt Emeraud, and the transition is
natural to Emerode—Emerod. With regard to the supposed size
being an objection to this reading, it will be found that anciently
the matrix of the Emerald, which is tinged green,
went by the name of the more valuable jewel.

T.R.F.

Spring Gardens, Feb. 1850.

Golden Frog (No. 14. p. 214.).—Sir John Poley’s
frog may have been a device alluding to his name; I imagine that
Poley is an appelative of frogs. I find in Halliwell’s Dict. of
Archaic Words, “Pollywig,” and in Jamieson’s Scottish
Dictionary, “Powlick,” both meaning tadpole, and
both diminutive forms; and Rowley Poley is closely
(though not very logically) connected with the frog who
would a-wooing go. The word has probably the same root as
poole, puddle, &c.

R.R.

Madoc.—In addition to what is stated (No. 4. p.
56.) on this subject, may be noted, that in the MS. Add. 14,957.
British Museum, fol. 149., is a letter from Dr. David Samwell to
the Gwyneddigion Society, dated 23rd March, 1791, in which he
states, that the result of an interview, held by himself and
William Owen with General Bowles, “places the existence of a race
of Welsh Indians beyond all matter of doubt.” This race is
identified with Padongas on the Missouri, who are said to be
of a different complexion from the other Indian races, and to have
books, which they were not able to read. Is this information to be
depended on or not?

F.M.

MSS. of Sir Roger Twysden (No. 5. p.
76.).—Twysden’s MSS. were purchased by Sir Thomas Sebright,
in or before the year 1715, and in the Sebright sale at Leigh and
Sotheby’s, in 1807, appear to be two of the MSS. inquired after by
the Rev. L.B. Larking, namely, Lot 1224., “Vita et Epistolæ
Sancti Thomæ, Archiepiscopi Cant.” (purchased by Heber, and,
at his sale in 1836, resold [Lot 323.] to Sir Thomas Phillipps),
and Lot 1225., “Epistolæ Beati Anselmi, Archieposcopi Cant.”,
purchased by Dardis; but what became of it afterwards I know
not.

F.M.

Royal Genealogies (No. 6. p. 92.).—The inquirer
will find, probably, what he requires, in a work by J.F. Dambergen,
entitled, “Sechzig genaealogische auch chronologische und
statistische Tabellen, zu Fürstentafel und Fürstenbuch
der Europäischen Staatengeschichte,” fol. Regensburg, 1831, in
which the descents are brought down to a recent period.

F.M.

Astle’s MSS. (No. 15. p. 230.).—After the death of
Astle, in 1803, his collection of MSS. was purchased, pursuant to
his will, for the sum of 500l., by the Marquess of
Buckingham, and they remained at Stowe till the spring of last
year, when they passed, with the rest of that noble collection,
into the hands of the Earl of Ashburnham, for the sum of
8000l.;—a loss to the public much to be regretted.

F.M.

Dr. Hugh Todd’s MSS. (No. 16. p. 246.).—The first
of the five MSS. mentioned by Mr. Walbran, namely, the Chartulary
of Fountains Abbey, is at present in University College, Oxford,
and perhaps some of the other MSS. may be there also. A catalogue
of the MSS. of this College has been printed, compiled by the Rev.
H.O. Coxe, of the Bodleian Library; but I have not been able to
consult a copy of it in London.

F.M.

Sir William Ryder (No. 12. p. 186.),—”H.F.” is
informed that Sir William Ryder, Lord Mayor of London in 1660,
lived at Bethnal Green, received the honour of knighthood, 12th
March, 1660 or 1661; died 30th August, 1669; and was buried 9th
September following at St. Andrew Undershaft, London. He had two
sons, one of whom was Thomas Ryder, who was an equerry to King
James II., and lord of the manor of Bilsington, in Kent. He
performed some service at the coronation of Queen Anne; and his
son, Sir Barnham Ryder, was knighted at the coronation of her
successor. The other son of Sir William Ryder was William Ryder,
gentleman. Sir William Ryder had five daughters:—1.
Elizabeth, who married Richard, son of Sir Thomas Midleton, of
Chirk Castle in Denbighshire, knight. 2. Priscilla, the wife of
Richard Baylie, son of Dr. Baylie, Dean of {283} Sarum. 3.
Mary. 4. Anne. 5. Martha.—Harl. MSS. 5801, 5802.

F.E.

Scole Inn.—In answer to the query (No. 16. p. 245.)
respecting the Sign and House at Scole Inn, I beg to refer to vol.
ii. p. 142., of the History of Norfolk, published by Crouse
and Booth of Norwich, in 1781, in 10 vols. 8vo.

I beg to state that I have impressions of two large prints, one
of the “House,” and the other of the “Sign.” They were published in
1740.—”Joshua Kirby,” del., “John Fossey,” sculpt.

I have also a smaller print of the “Sign” taken from the
opposite side—from the larger one—apparently by the
same parties, but the names of the drawer and engraver are cut
off.

I think the Sign was not take down till after 1795, as I have a
recollection of having passed under it when a boy, in going
from Norwich to Ipswich.

The sign was large and handsome, and extended across the
road.

In Kirby’s Print, it is stated to have cost Mr. James
Peck, who was a merchant at Norwich, 1057l.

The prints are not very scarce, and may be got at many of the
printsellers in London.

J.B.

About twenty years ago I have seen hanging up on the wall of the
principal entry of this inn, a print of its original front,
comprising the various figure, coats of arms, &c. which adorned
it: in this account the founder Peck was called a citizen of
Norwich, and the traveller was puzzled by this piece of
information. “It is called Scole Inn, because it is at about the
same distance from Norwich, Ipswich, and Bury.”

M. Prendergast.

7. Serjeant’s Inn. Fleet Street, Feb. 19. 1850.

Killigrew Family and Scole Inn Sign (No. 15. p.
231.).—Doubtless there are pedigrees of the Killigrew family
in the Visitations of Cornwall, which would answer Mr.
Lower’s questions. Many notices of them also occur in Gilbert’s
History of Cornwall, and Wood’s Athenæ Oxon.,
Bliss. ed., and both those works have good indexes.

There is a folded engraving of Scole Inn Sign (No. 16. p. 245.)
in Armstrong’s History of Norfolk, vol. ii. p. 144., but I
never could learn when or why the sign was removed. The couchant
stag in the centre was the Cornwallis crest.

Braybrooke.

Audley End.

Pavoise of the Black Prince (No. 12. p. 183).—It is
very probably that the Pavoise which “Bolton” mentions as
hanging in his time at the tomb of Edward the Black Prince, was no
part of the original collection.

“A quilted coat-armour, with half-sleeves tabard
fashion,” reads oddly as part of this prince’s costume; but we
know that sometimes “Coming events cast their shadows before.”

T.W.

Welsh Ambassador.—The following use of the word
“Welsh” in metaphor, may perhaps serve as a clue to, or
illustration of, G.’s query (No. 15. p. 230.):

Andrew. “In tough Welsh parsley, which in our
vulgar tongue, is Strong hempen altars.”—Beaumont and
Fletcher, Elder Brother, Act. 1. ad fin.

Petit André

Pleissis-les-Tours, Fevrier, 1850.

Phoenix—by Lactantius.—”Seleucus” is
informed, in answer to his query in No. 13. p. 203., that he will
find the Latin poem of the Phoenix, in hexameters and
pentameters, in that scarce little volume, edited by Pithaeus,
and published at Paris in 1590 (see Brunet), Epigrammata et
Poematia Vetera, &c. (of which I am happy to say I possess
a most beautiful copy), where it is headed “Phoenix, Incerti
Auctoris;” and again at the end of the edition of Claudian
by P. Burmann Secundus Amsterdam, 1760), with the following
title,—Lactantia Elegia, de Phoenice; vulgo Claudiano ad
scripta, &c., where also another correspondent, “R.G.” (in
No. 15. p. 235.), will find much information as to who was the
author of the poem.

C.J.C.

Feb. 9. 1850.

Catsup (no. 8. p. 125.).—”Catsup” is to be found
thus spelt in Todd’s Johnson’s Dictionary (London, 1818). He
describes it as a kind of Indian pickles imitated by pickled
mushrooms; and quotes these two lines of Swift:

An eminnet Sanscrit scholar informs me that “kuck-hup” is the
Hindostanee word for Turtle; it is to be met in the Vocabulary
attached to Gilchrist’s East Indian Guide (8vo. London,
1820). May not the name of the sauce take its origin from the use
of it in preparing the turtle for the table? In the Cuisinier
Royal, par Viart, p. 75., it is mentioned among the “petites
sauces,” as ket-chop, “ou Soyac;” and the receipt for making it
ends with “servez le avec le poisson.” (Published at Paris,
1840.)

C.I.R.

The Buckingham Motto (No. 9. p. 138., and No. 16. p.
252.).—On examining the original manuscript the true reading
of this motto appears to me to be,

I should translate it, “souvent me souvenez;” an Anglo-French
paraphrase of “sis memor mei;” or, “Ne m’oubliez pas.” I have great
doubt {284} whether the original MS. can be safely
assumed to be an autograph.

S.

[Our correspondent “P.” writes, “It surprises me
your OEdipi should be so wide of the mark in this motto. It is
simply, ‘Oft remember me.'”]

Devices of the Standards of the Anglo-Saxons (No. 14. p.
216.).—The arms, i.e. the standards of the successive
rulers of Britain, may be found in Sir Winston Churchill’s curious
work, Divi Britannici, which gives (as your correspondent
supposes) the White Horse for Kent, the White Dragon for Wessex,
and the Raven for the Danes.

C.

Prutenicæ (No. 14. p. 215.).—The work to
which your correspondent alludes is, I presume, Prutenicæ
Tabulæ Cælestium Motuum, autore Erasmo Reinholdo:
Tubingæ, 1562. This work is dedicated to Albert, Duke of
Prussia. In the dedication is the following passage:

“Ego has tubulas Prutenicas dici volui, ut sciret
posteritas tuâ liberalitate, Princeps Alberte, nos adjutos
esse, et tibi gratiam ab iis, quibus profuturæ sunt
deberi.”

Reinhold therefore called them Prutenie, i.e. Prussian
tables, in compliment to the reigning duke. Pruteni is an
ancient name of the Prussians. Albert (grandson of Albert the
Achilles, Margrave of Brandenburg) was in 1511 elected Grand Master
of the Teutonic Knights, who then held Prussia. He continued the
war which his order had for some time carried on with his uncle,
Sigismund I., King of Poland. But he subsequently embraced the
doctrines of Luther, deserted his order, became reconciled to
Sigismund, and for his reward East Prussia was now first raised
into a duchy as a fief of Poland, and made hereditary in his
family. This Albert was the founder of the University of
Konigsberg. (See Puffendorff, Frederick the Great, and
Robertson.)

Pandoxare (No. 13. p. 202., No. 15. p. 234.).—There
is, or till very lately was, an officer of Trinity College,
Cambridge, called the Pandoxator. He had the oversight of the
college brewhouse, and formerly of the college bakehouse also. See
Monk’s Life of Bentley, 2nd ed. i. 210. In Dr. Bentley’s
time the office seems to have been held by a senior fellow. Of late
years junior fellows have held the situation.

C.H. Cooper.

Cambridge, Feb. 11. 1850.

Gazetteer of Portugal.—In answer to the inquiry of
“Northman” (No. 16. p. 246.), P.C.S.S. has to state, that he
believes that the most recent, as it is unquestionably the most
copious, work on the topography of Portugal is the Diccionario
Geografico de Portugal, published at Lisbon in 1817, in
seventeen volumes, 8vo.

P.C.S.S.

Dog Latin (No. 15, p. 230.).—Many things low and
vulgar are marked with the prefix “dog”; as dog-rose,
dog-trick, dog-hole, as also dog-gerel. When
the great mortar was set up in St. James’s Park, some one asked
“Why the carriage was ornamented with dog’s heads?” “To justify the
Latin inscription,” said Jekyl.

C.

Epigram (No. 15. p. 233.).—Surely not by Kenrick,
if written, as it seems, about 1721. Kenrick was not heard of for
near thirty years later.

C.

Pallace, Meaning of (No. 15. p. 233.).—Put out of
all doubt by the following article in Phillips’s World of
Words. “Pallacia, in old records, ‘Pales or paled
fences.'”

C.

Meaning of Pallace (No. 13. p. 202., and No. 15. p.
233.).—Bishop Horsley seems to throw some light on this point
by his note on the 9th verse of the 45th Psalm. The learned prelate
says

“‘Out of the ivory palaces whereby they have made thee
glad,’—rather, from ‘cabinets of Armenian ivory they have
pleasured thee.’ From cabinets or wardrobes, in which
the perfumes, or the garments were kept.”

This meaning of the word, derived from the Hebrew, corroborates
the sense given to it in Mr. Halliwell’s Dictionary of Archaic,
&c. Words, viz, a storehouse.

Alfred Gatty.

Ecclesfield, Feb. 9.

Ælian.—The querist (No. 15. p. 232.) is
informed that Ælian’s Treatise De Animalium
Naturâ has been translated into Latin as well as his
other works, by Conrad Gessner, fol. Zurich, 1556; but, it does not
appear that an English translation of it has hitherto been
published.

A.W.

Brighton.

Why Dr. Dee quitted Manchester.—A correspondent
(No. 14. p. 216.) of yours wishes to know the reason why Dr. Dee
resigned his wardenship and left Manchester. I would refer him to
the interesting “Life of Dee,” by Dr. Cooke Taylor, in his
Romantic Biography of the Age of Elizabeth, who writes:

“But in his days mathematics were identified with magic, and
Dee’s learned labours only served to strengthen the imputations
cast upon his character by the Fellows of his College in
Manchester. He was so annoyed by these reports that he presented a
petition to King James, requesting to have his conduct judicially
investigated; but the monarch, on the mere report that Dee was a
conjuror, refused to show him the slightest favor. Indignant at the
injurious treatment he continued to receive, he quitted Manchester
with his family in the month of November, 1604: it is uncertain
whether he renounced his wardenship at the same time, but he seems
to have received no more of its revenues; for, during the remainder
of his life, {285} which was passed at Mortlake, he
suffered severely from the pressure of poverty.”

He died in 1608. Dr. Taylor, I suppose, writes on the authority
of Dee’s MSS. and Journal, edited by Dr. Isaac Casaubon.

W.M.K.

Viridis Vallis (no. 14. p. 213.).—This is the
monastery of Groenendael, situated in the forest of
Soignies, near Brussels. In the Bibliothèque des Ducs de
Bourgoyne are preserved several manuscript volumes relative to
its history. (See Marchal’s Catalogue, vol. ii. p. 84.) Sir
Thomas Phillipps has also a Chartulary of this monastery among his
manuscripts.

F.M.

Recent Novel.—I beg to inform “Adolphus” that the
Novel of which he is in search (No. 15. p. 231.) is Le Morne au
Diable, by Eugène Sue; the hero of which is the Duke of
Monmouth, who is supposed to have escaped to Martinique.

J.S.

MISCELLANIES.

Use of Monosyllables.—In Beaumont and Fletcher’s
Boadicea, Act 3. Sc. 1. (Edinbugh, 1812), I meet with the
following lines in Caratach’s Apostrophe to “Divine Andate,” and
which seem to corroborate Mr. C. FORBES’S theory (No. 16. p. 228.)
on the employment of monosyllables by Shakspeare, when he wished to
express violent and overwhelming emotion: at least they appear to
be used much in the same way by the celebrated dramatists whom I
quote:

C.I.R.

Feb. 16.

To endeavour oneself (No. 8. p. 125.).—”G.P.”
thinks that the verb “endeavour” takes a middle voice form in the
collect for the second Sunday after Easter, in the preface to the
Confirmation Service, and in the Form of Ordering of Priests: but
in these instances is it any thing more than the verb neuter,
implying that we should endeavour ourselves to follow, &c.?

In Shepherd’s Elucidation of the Book of Common Prayer (2
vols. 8vo. Lord. 1817), under the head of the Confirmation Office,
it is stated relative to the persons to be confirmed (vol. ii. p.
312.), “that they solemnly engage evermore to endeavour faithfully
to perform their part of that covenant.”

C.I.R.

Evelyn’s Sculptura.—In a copy of Evelyn’s
Sculptura, 3rd edit., with Memoir of the Author’s Life, 8vo.
London, 1759, I find the following memorandum, in pencil, prefixed
to the Memoirs:

“By Dr. Warton of Winchester, as he himself informed me in
1785.”

An autograph resembling “J. Chelmar” is on the fly-leaf. As I do
not see this Memoir ascribed to Dr. Warton in any list, to which I
have access, of his writings, perhaps the Memoir is not generally,
or at all, known to be by him, and I therefore send the memorandum
to you to be winnowed in your literary threshing-floor, by those
who have better means and more leisure to ascertain its value.

J.M.

Oxford, Feb. 5.

William Baxter.—I do not know whether William
Baxter is authority for anything. When you see a word quoted from
one of the languages or dialects which the moderns call Celtic,
that word will very commonly be found not to exist. When at a loss,
quote Celtic. If W. Baxter says (see No. 13. p. 195.) that
buarth papan means the sun’s ox-stall, or, in other words,
that papan means the sun, I should wish to know where else
such a name for that luminary, for or any thing else, may be met
with? I have not found any such thing.

A.N.

Derivation of the word “Avon.”—Among the many
proofs of the prevalence of the Gaelic roots in existing names at
both ends of the island, it may be mentioned that there are ten
rivers named Avon in Britain, and Avon is simply the
Gaelic word for a river.

J.U.G. Gutch.

Warton and Heinsius.—A late critic thinks he has
discovered that Mr. Thomas Warton, a contemporary of Mr. Wise, and
fellow of the same college, an antiquary and scholar of whom
England may be proud, knew little of Latin, and less of Greek,
because, forsooth, he did not notice Milton’s false quantities,
which Heinsius did! As well might it be argued, that the critic is
an immoral man, because he did not notice the delinquencies of
Heinsius in a moral point of view; the said Heinsius being obliged
to resign his secretaryship to the city of Amsterdam in consequence
of a prosecution by a young woman for breach of promise of
marriage, under the faith of which she had lived with him, and
borne him two children. The sentence of misdaadigheyd was
pronounced against him, and confirmed, on appeal, by the supreme
court of Holland, in 1662. So much for the unpatriotic puff of the
learned foreigner, to {286} the disparagement of one of the greatest
ornaments of English literature. As one “note” naturally produces
another, I hope your sense of justice, Mr. Editor, will admit this,
in order to counter-balance the effect of the former one;
appearing, as it did, in a periodical of considerable circulation,
which, I am glad to hear, is soon to be very much improved.

J.I.

Queen’s Bagnio (No. 13. p. 196.).—The Queen’s
Bagnio in Long Acre was on the south side, nearly opposite to the
door of Long Acre Chapel. The Duke’s bath I have always heard was
in Old Belton Street, now Endell Street; the fourth house from
Castle Street on the west side. It has been new fronted not long
since; but at the time that I frequented the baths there—the
exterior had pilasters, and a handsome cornice in the style of
Inigo Jones,—all being built in dark red brick. Within there
was a large plunging bath, paved and lined with marble, the walls
being covered by small tiles of blue and white, in the Dutch
fashion. The supply of water was from a well on the premises.

There were several apartments for warm-bathing, having the baths
and pavements of marble, and to several of these were attached
dressing-rooms.

The house is now, I believe, occupied by a carpenter; but the
baths remained, though in a dilapidated condition, a short-time
since, and probably are there still.

T.W.

A Flemish Account.—In illustration of a query in
your first number on the origin of the expression “a Flemish
Account,” unless you think it too late for insertion, I send the
following extract from an old volume in the Cathedral Library at
Salisbury. It is entitled, “The Accurate Accomptant or London
Merchant, &c.; by Thomas Brown, Accomptant: composed for the
Use and Benefit of the poor Blew-Coat children educated in Christ’s
Hospital, &c. London, printed by William Godbid, sen. 1669.
fol.”

The book consists almost entirely of examples of the best
methods of keeping accounts, from which I select the following
instance:

“London, August 10th, 1668.

“To Roger Pace, Factor, &c., for 10 Pieces cont. 746 Ells
Fl. at 10 S. Flem. per Ell. is 373 l. Flem. Exchange
at 35 S makes Sterling Money 213 l. 2s. 10
d.“

The above extract strongly confirms the explanations of the
expressions given by your correspondents “Q.Q.” and “Mr. Bolton
Corney,” in No. 5. p. 74., as it proves both the necessity and
early practice of accurately distinguishing in commercial dealings
between English and Flemish methods of reckoning.

E.A.D.

[The following is a curious illustration of the use
of the phrase.

“A person resident in London is said to have had
most of Caxton’s publications. He sent them to Amsterdam for
inspection, and, on writing for them, was informed that they had
been destroyed by accident. ‘I am very much afraid,’ says Herbert,
‘my kind friend received but a Flemish account of his
Caxtons.'”—Typ. Antiq., p. 1773.]

La Mer des Histoires.—I find I have a note on that
handsome old French work, La Mer des Histoires, which is
commonly attributed to Johannes de Columna, Archbishop of Messina;
but upon which Francis Douce, while taking notice of its being a
translation of the Rudimentum Noviciorum ascribed to
Mochartus, observes that it is a different work from the Mare
Historiarum of Johannes de Columna. Douce also informs us, that
there were several works passing under this title. Columna is
mentioned by Genebrard as the author of a book, Cujus titulus
est Mater Historiarum. Query? What is known of the work, which
is really Columna’s?

John Sansom.

On Passages in Milton

I used to suppose the tale told was a love tale. Now I
take it to mean that each shepherd tells the tale, that is,
counts the number of his sheep. Is there any doubt on this
point?

Milton (Paradise Lost, b. v.), speaks of “silent night
with this her solemn bird;” that is, the nightingale. Most
readers take “solemn” to mean “pensive;” but I cannot
doubt that Milton (who carries Latinism to excess) used it to
express habitual, customary, familiar, as in
its Latin form sollemnis.

B.H.K.

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.

The lovers of accurate and painstaking topography, the students
of genealogical history, and, though last not least, those who like
to see the writings of Shakspeare, illustrated in a congenial
spirit, will read with pleasure the announcement, in our
advertising columns, that the fellow-townsmen of Joseph Hunter, the
Historian of “Hallamshire” and “The Deanery of Doncaster,” and the
Illustrator of the Life and Writings of Shakspeare, have opened a
Subscription for the purpose of placing a full-length portrait of
that gentleman in the Cutlers’ Hall, Sheffield.

When we announced Mr. Archer’s projected work, entitled
Vestiges of Old London, a Series of finished Etchings from
Original Drawings, with Descriptions, Historical Associations, and
other References, we spoke of it as one likely, we thought, to
prove of especial interest. The appearance of the first Number
justifies to the fullest our anticipation. The pictorial
representations are replete {287} with variety, and the literary
illustrations full of a pleasant gossipping anecdotical character.
The first plate shows us The Old Bulk Shop at Temple Bar,
occupied by successive generations of fishmongers, and doubtless
well remembered by most of our readers; although no trace of it any
longer exists. The House of John Dryden, in Fetter Lane, so
designated on the authority of the late Mr. Upcott, forms the
second plate; and is followed by The Altar of Diana,
discovered in Foster Lane, Cheapside, in December, 1830. The
Drapers’ Almshouses, Crutched Friars, is the next illustration,
which again is contrasted by a plate of Roman Vestiges, full
of interest to those who like to investigate the Roman occupation
of our metropolis; and this first part concludes with a view of
The Old Chapel of St. Bartholomew, Kingsland. The work is
executed in a style to delight London antiquaries, and charm those
who delight to illustrate Pennant.

The approaching Exhibition of Works of Ancient and
Mediæval Art at the rooms of the Society of Arts in the
Adelphi, promises to be one of the most interesting displays of the
kind ever exhibited in this or any other city. The possessors of
objects of beauty and rarity have vied with each other in placing
at the disposal of the Committee their choicest specimens; and the
inhabitants and visitors of the metropolis will shortly have an
opportunity of judging how numerous are the relics of “barbaric
pomp and gold” which are still left to us, and how much of beauty
of design, and “skill in workmanship” were displayed by the
“hard-handed” men of the good old times, to justify the enthusiasm
of the antiquary, and gratify the man of taste.

We have received, but at a moment too late to notice as it
deserves, the Catalogue of very choice Books, and Books printed on
vellum, the property of the late Mr. Rodd, which are to be sold by
Messrs. Sotheby, at their rooms in Wellington Street, on Monday
next. As a specimen, perhaps the most remarkable of this
collection, we may point out the set of the Works of Thomas
Aquinas, in 17 folio volumes, bound in 21, and which is well
described as

“A magnificent set of Books, presenting one of the finest
specimens, and at the same time the most extensive work, ever
printed upon vellum. This copy was presented by Pope Pius V. to
Philip II., king of Spain, and was deposited in the library of the
Escurial, whence it was taken during the occupation of Spain by
Bonaparte. The only other copy known is in the National Library,
Paris. It is the best edition of this author’s works.”

We have received the following Catalogues:

“John Petheram’s Catalogue of Old and New Books on Sale for Cash
only at 94. High Holborn. Part CVIII. No. 2. for 1850.”

a Catalogue containing some excellent books, which reached us
last week, and was omitted from our last list by accident.

“Catalogue of Miscellaneous English and Foreign Books in all
Classes of Literature, selected from the Stock of Nattali and Bond,
23. Bedford Street, Covent Garden.”

“Bibliotheca Salisburiensis. A Catalogue of Old and New Books on
sale by J. Hearn, corner of the Poultry Cross, Salisbury.”

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

WANTED TO PURCHASE

(In continuation of Lists in former Nos.)

Life of Colonel Birch.

Odd Volumes.

Goldsmith’s Miscellaneous Works. (Cairn’s Edition.) 12mo.
Edinburgh. 1804. Vol. III.

British Painters, Sculptors, and Architects. Family Library.
1830. Vol. IV.

Orbis Phaeton, sive de Universis Vitus Linguæ. Pars prima,
A to K. Mons. 1629.

Political Magazine for 1780. Vol. IX. for 1785. Vol. XII. for
1787.

Hudibras. 18mo. 1716. Vol. I.

Valpy’s Delphin Classics. 63 and 64. In the original Boards.

Inchbald’s British Theater. 12mo. 1808. Vol. IX.

Chevallier’s Epistles of the Apostolic Fathers.

Historical Romances. 7 Vols., or Vol. I. Constable, 1822.

Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, carriage
free, to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of “NOTES AND QUERIES,”
186. Fleet Street.

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

We have again had to indulge in the expensive luxury of a
further reprint; and we have therefore the pleasure of announcing
that our Second Monthly Part, which has been out of print,
may now be had by such of our friends as want to complete their
sets.

We are again under the necessity of omitting many
communications, including Notes, Queries, and Replies,
which are in type; but we hope, by enlarging next week’s paper
to 24 pages, instead of 16, to find room for
inserting many interesting papers which we have been hitherto
compelled to omit for want of room.

To correspondents inquiring as to the mode of procuring
“Notes and Queries,” we have once more to explain, that every
bookseller and newsman will supply it regularly, if ordered;
and that gentlemen residing in the country, who may find a
difficulty in getting it through any bookseller in their
neighbourhood, may be supplied regularly with the stamped
edition, by giving their orders direct to the publisher, Mr.
George Bell, 186. Fleet Street, accompanied by a Post Office
order, for a quarter, 4s. 4d.; a half year, 8s. 8d.; or one year,
17s. 4d.

A.J.V. will find an answer to his query respecting
Angels’ Visits, &c. in No. 7. p. 102.; and respecting the
Hudibrastic couplet, in No. 12. p. 179.

M.X. (Bridport). The work well bound will only fetch
about seven or eight pounds in a sale room, and may be purchased
for about ten.

Errata. No. 9. p. 133. col. 1. l. 51., for “Silent” read
“Select;” l. 54., for “imposing” read “composing;” and col. 2. l.
43. after “that” insert “Simpson’s.” No. 17. p. 263. col. 1. l.
49., for “Respublicæ” read “Respublica.”

Exceedingly Choice and Rare Books, and Books printed upon
Vellum, the property of the late eminent bookseller, Mr. Thos.
Rodd.

MESSRS. S. LEIGH SOTHEBY and Co., (auctioneers of literary
property and works illustrative of the fine arts,) will SELL by
AUCTION in pursuance of the will of the deceased, at their House,
3. Wellington Street, Strand, on Monday, March 4. at 1 precisely, a
very choice selection of fine and RARE BOOKS, and Books printed
upon Vellum, the property of the late eminent bookseller, Mr.
Thomas Rodd, of Great Newport Street, London; including among the
more valuable books, Aquinatis Opera Omnia, 21 vols., Romæ,
1570, a magnificent set of books, printed on vellum, presented by
Pope Pius V. to Philip II, King of Spain; Homer Opera Græce,
editio princeps, fine copy, Florentiæ, 1488; Valerius
Maximus, printed on vellum, Moguntiæ, 1471; Vivaldus de
Veritate Contritionis, printed on vellum, unique, 1503; Lancelot du
Lac, Chevalier de la Table Ronde, beautiful copy; Ciceronis
Epistolæ ad Familiares, Venetiis, Johannes de Spira, 1409;
Sancti Hieronymi Epistolæ, printed on vellum, Moguntiæ,
1470; a magnificent volume; Pentateuchus Hebraicus et Chaldaicus,
printed on vellum, a beautiful copy, Sabionnettæ, 1557; many
beautiful Horae, printed on vellum; Enchiridion Ecclesiæ
Sarum, printed on vellum, extremely rare and interesting, Paris. T.
Kerver, 1528; La Collection des Ouvrages, imprimées par
Ordre de M. Le Compte d’Artois, 64 vols., printed on vellum, Paris
Didot. To be viewed three days prior, and catalogues had at the
place of sale.

Preparing for immediate Publication, in 2 vols. small 8vo.

THE FOLK-LORE of ENGLAND. By William J. Thoms, F.S.A., Secretary
of the Camden Society, Editor of “Early Prose Romances,” “Lays and
Legends of all Nations.” &c. One object of the present work is
to furnish new contributions to the History of our National
Folk-Lore; and especially some of the more striking Illustrations
of the subject to be found in the Writings of Jacob Grimm and other
Continental Antiquaries.

Communications of inedited Legends, Notices of remarkable
Customs and Popular Observances, Rhyming Charms &c. are
earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully acknowledged by the
Editor. They may be addressed to the care of Mr. Bell, Office of
“Notes and Queries,” 186. Fleet Street.

TOPOGRAPHY, COUNTY AND FAMILY HISTORY, ETC.—John Gray
Bell, Bookseller, Dealer in Topographical Prints, Portraits,
Autographs, and Literary Curiosities, 10. and 11. Bedford Street,
Covent Garden, London, invites Collectors to examine his Assortment
of PRINTS on the above interesting subjects. Having gathered them
with the greatest care and research, at a vast expenditure of Time
and Capital, he flatters himself that his Collection is the most
extensive and best selected extant, and will be found well worthy
of attention.

John Gray Bell’s Catalogues are published monthly, and
forwarded, free, by post. Parties desirous of possessing the recent
numbers can have them sent by enclosing their address.

Royal 32mo., cloth, 2s.; morocco (Hayday), 7s.

SELDEN’S TABLE TALK.

Royal 32mo., price 2s. 6d. cloth, 7s.
6d. morocco (Hayday).

THE TEMPLE, SACRED POEMS, and PRIVATE EJACULATIONS. BY George
Herbert.

Also, by the same Author,

Price 2s. cloth, 7s. morocco (Hayday),

A PRIEST TO THE TEMPLE; or, THE COUNTRY PARSON: his character,
and Rule of Holy Life, &c.

London: George Bell, Fleet Street. Leicester: J.S. Crossley.

THE PHILOLOGICAL MUSEUM. Edited by Hare and Thirlwall. 2 thick
vols. 8vo. cloth, 14s. E. STIBBS, having purchased the
remaining copies of this esteemed Work, now offers it at the above
reduced price, and respectfully suggests the necessity of early
application, as it is entirely out of print, and but few copies
remain for sale.

331. Strand, opposite Somerset House.

REV. JOSEPH HUNTER, F.S.A. Public Portrait. The Friends and
Admirers of the learned and respected Historian of “Hallamshire”
and the “Deanery of Doncaster” having resolved to place a
full-length Portrait of him in the Cutlers’ Hall, Sheffield, his
native town (vide “Gentleman’s Magazine,” Feb. 1850), the Committee
beg respectfully to announce that Subscriptions of One Guinea, in
furtherance of their object, will be received by Thomas Berks,
Esq., Mayor, Treasurer; and Mr. Henry Jackson, Secretary of the
Committee, Sheffield.

Just published, and may be had postage free, on a remittance of
two stamps.

A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH and FOREIGN BOOKS, in all Classes of
Literature. Selected from the STOCK of NATTALI and BOND (successors
to the late M.A. Nattali), 23. Bedford Street, Covent Garden.

Now ready.

STIBB’S CATALOGUE OF MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS, Part III., containing
a very extensive collection of Books relating to America, also a
few choice and rare old books beautifully bound in morocco; it may
be had gratis, and post free, on application. Also, nearly ready,
STIBB’S GENERAL CATALOGUE, which will be forwarded gratis on
receipt of Eight stamps for the Postage.

331. Strand, opposite Somerset House,

Just published, price 3s. 6d. 12mo. cloth,
7s. calf or morocco.

THE ENGLISH GENTLEMAN: his Principles, his Feelings, his
Manners, his Pursuits.

“We like him so well as to wish heartily we might meet many
such.”—Theologian.

“The object of the first of the four essays is to form the
principles of a gentleman on a Christian standard. In the other
three subjects, of feelings, manners, and pursuits, the views,
though strict, are of a more worldly
kind.”—Spectator.

George Bell, 186. Fleet Street.

8vo. cloth. 7s. 6d.

ORIGINAL LETTERS OF JOHN LOCKE, ALGERNON SIDNEY, AND LORD
SHAFTESBURY. With an Analytical Sketch of the Writings and Opinions
of Locke and other Metaphysicains. By T. Forster, M.B. F.L.S.,
M.A.S., Corresponding Member of the Acad. of Natural Science at
Philadelphia, &c.

London: George Bell, Fleet Street.

In 8vo. price 7s. 6d. cloth.

HISTORY OF THE PARISH AND TOWN OF BAMPTON, with the District and
Hamlets belonging to it. By the Rev. J.A. Giles, D.C.L., late
Fellow of Christ’s Ch. Coll. Oxford, Author of “History of the
Ancient Britons,” &c.

London: George Bell, Fleet Street.

Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 8 New Street Square, at No.
5 New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of
London; and published by George Bell, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in
the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
Publisher, at No. 186 Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, March
2. 1850.