{217}

NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

“When found, make a note of.”—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

CONTENTS.

SUGGESTIONS FOR PRESERVING A RECORD OF EXISTING
MONUMENTS.

When, in the opening Number of the present Volume (p. 14), we called
the attention of our readers to the Monumentarium of Exeter
Cathedral, we expressed a hope that the good services which Mr.
Hewett had thereby rendered to all genealogical, antiquarian, and
historical inquirers would be so obvious as to lead a number of labourers
into the same useful field. That hope bids fair to be fully realised. In
Vol. iii., p. 116., we printed a letter from Mr.
Peacock, announcing his intention of copying the inscriptions in
the churches and churchyards of the Hundred of Manley; and we this week
present our readers with three fresh communications upon the subject.

We give precedence to Miss Bockett’s, inasmuch
as it involves no general proposal upon the subject, but is merely
expressive of that lady’s willingness, in which we have no doubt she will
be followed by many of her countrywomen to help forward the good
work.

In your Number for Feb. 15th, I find Mr. Edward
Peacock, Jun., of Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton Lindsey,
wishes to collect church memorials for work he intends to publish. If he
would like the accounts of monuments in the immediate neighbourhood of
Reading, as far as I am able it would give me pleasure to send some to
him.

Julia R. Bockett.

Southcote Lodge, near Reading.

The second makes us acquainted with a plan for the publication of a
Monumenta Anglicana by Mr. Dunkin,—a
plan which would have our hearty concurrence and recommendation, if it
were at all practicable; but which, it will be seen at a glance, must
fail from its very vastness. If the Monumentarium of Exeter
contains the material for half a moderate-sized octavo volume, in what
number of volumes does Mr. Dunkin propose to
complete his collection—even if a want of purchasers of the early
volumes did not nip in the bud his praiseworthy and well-intentioned
scheme?

Your correspondent Mr. Edw. Peacock, Jun, may
be interested in knowing that a work has some time been projected by my
friend Mr. Alfred John Dunkin of Dartford (whose industry and antiquarian
learning render him well fitted for the task), under the title of
Monumenta Anglicana, and which is intended to be a medium for
preserving the inscriptions in every church in the kingdom. There can be
no doubt of the high value and utility of such a work, especially if
accompanied by a well-arranged index of names; and I have no doubt Mr. Peacock, and indeed many others of your valued
correspondents, will be induced to {218}assist in the good
cause, by sending memoranda of inscriptions to Mr. Dunkin.

L. J.

Plymouth.

The following letter from the Rev. E. S.
Taylor proposes a Society for the purpose:—

I for one shall be happy to co-operate with Mr.
Peacock in this useful work; and I trust that, through the
valuable medium of “Notes And Queries,” many will
be induced to offer their assistance. Could not a Society be formed for
the purpose, so that mutual correspondence might take place?

E. S. Taylor.

Martham, Norfolk.

We doubt the necessity, and indeed the advisability, of the formation
of any such Society.

Mr. Peacock (antè., p. 117.) has
already wisely suggested, that “in time a copy of every inscription in
every church in England might be ready for reference in our National
Library,” and we have as little doubt that the MS. department of the
British Museum is the proper place of deposit for such records, as that
the trustees would willingly accept the charge of them on the
recommendation of their present able and active Keeper of the
Manuscripts. What he, and what the trustees would require, would be some
security that the documents were what they professed to be; and this
might very properly be accomplished through the agency of such a Society
as Mr. Taylor proposes, if there did not already
exist a Society upon whom such a duty might very safely be
devolved:—and have we not, in the greater energy which that Society
has lately displayed, evidence that it would undertake a duty for which
it seems pre-eminently fitted? We allude to the Society of Antiquaries.
The anxiety of Lord Mahon, its president, to promote the efficiency of
that Society, has recently been made evident in many ways; and we cannot
doubt that he would sanction the formation of a sub-committee for the
purpose of assisting in collecting and preserving a record of all
existing monuments, or that he would find a lack of able men to serve on
such a committee, when he numbers among the official or active Fellows of
the Society gentlemen so peculiarly fitted to carry out this important
national object, as Mr. Hunter, Sir Charles Young, Mr. J. Payne Collier,
and Mr. Bruce.

Notes.

ON THE WORD “RACK” IN SHAKSPEARE’S TEMPEST.

As another illustration of the careless or superficial manner in which
the meaning of Shakspeare has been sought, allow me to call attention to
the celebrated passage in the Tempest in which the word “rack”
occurs. The passage really presents no difficulty; and the meaning of the
word, as it appears to me, might as well be settled at once and for ever.
I make this assertion, not dogmatically, but with the view of testing the
correctness of my opinion, that this is not at all a question of
etymology, but entirely one of construction. The passage reads as
follows:—

As I have expressed my opinion that this is not at all a question of
etymology, I shall not say more in reference to this view of the case
than that “rack,” spelt as in Shakspeare, is a word in popular and
every-day use in the phrase “rack and ruin;” that we have it in the term
“rack off,” as applied to wine, meaning to take from the rack, or,
in other words, “to leave a rack” or refuse “behind,” racked wine
being wine drawn from the lees; and that it is, I believe, still in use
in parts of England, meaning remains or refuse, as, in the
low German, “der Wraek” means the same thing. Misled, however, by an
unusual mode of spelling, and unacquainted with the literature of
Shakspeare’s age, certain of the commentators suggested the readings of
track and trace; whereupon Horne Tooke remarks:—

“The ignorance and presumption of his commentators have shamefully
disfigured Shakspeare’s text. The first folio, notwithstanding some few
palpable misprints, requires none of their alterations. Had they
understood English as well as he did, they would not have quarrelled with
his language.”—Diversions of Purley, p. 595.

He proceeds to show that rack “is merely the past tense, and
therefore past participle, or , of the Anglo-Saxon
verb Recan, exhalare, to reek;” and although the advocates
of its being a particular description of light cloud refer to him as an
authority for their reading, he treats it throughout generally as “a
vapour, a steam, or an exhalation.” But Horne Tooke, in his zeal as an
etymologist, forgot altogether to attend to the construction of the
passage. What is it that shall “leave not a rack behind?” A rack of what?
Not of the baseless fabric of this vision, like which the “cloud-capp’d
towers shall dissolve,”—not of this insubstantial pageant, like
which they shall have faded,—but of “the cloud-capp’d towers, the
gorgeous palaces, the solemn temples, the great globe itself.” There is
in fact a double comparison; but the construction and the meaning are
perfectly clear, and no word will suit the passage but one that shall
express a result common {219}to the different objects enumerated. A
cloud may be a fit object for comparison, but it is utterly
inconsequential; while the sense required can only be expressed by a
general term, such as remains, a vestige, or a
trace.

I beg now to transcribe a note Of Mr. Collier’s on this
passage:—

“‘Rack’ is vapour, from reck, as Horne Tooke showed; and the
light clouds on the face of heaven are the ‘rack,’ or vapour from the
earth. The word ‘rack’ was often used in this way.”—Coll.
Shaksp., vol. i. p. 70.

Mr. Knight appears to incline to the same view; and regarding these as
the two latest authorities, and finding in neither of them any reference
to the question of construction, I naturally concluded that the point had
been overlooked by the commentators. On reference, however, I found to my
surprise, that Malone, for the very same reasons, had come to the same
conclusion. Had Malone’s argument been briefly stated by the “two latest
and best editors,” I should, of course, have had no occasion to trouble
you with this note: and this instance, it appears to me, furnishes
additional reasons for enforcing the principle for which I am contending;
the neglect of it affecting, in however slight a degree, the sense or
correctness of so important and frequently quoted a passage. For my own
part, I should have thought that the commonest faith in Shakspeare would
have protected any editor, whose avowed object it was to restore the
text, from preferring in this instance, to the plain common sense of
Malone, the more showy authority of Horne Tooke.

In my last paper I wrote,—”So far as quantity is concerned, to
eat a crocodile would be no more than to eat an ox.” You have
omitted the negative.

Samuel Hickson.

ANCIENT INEDITED POEMS, NO. III.

In my last communication on this subject, I forgot to remark on the
strange title given to the monody on Mr. Browne. May I ask if the name of
“Chorus” was thus indiscriminately applied at the time when the poem was
composed?

The next poem that I shall give is copied from Harleian MSS.,
367., art. 60., fol. 158. It is entitled—

The poem has no subscription, nor, from the appearance of the paper,
should I say there had been one. The comparatively modern phraseology
points to a late era. The poem is bound up with a quantity of John
Stowe’s papers, and I think is in his handwriting, upon comparing it with
other papers known to be his in the same book. As it is my chief object
(next to contributing to the preservation and publication of these
ancient ballads) to obtain data regarding the anonymous productions of
the earlier days of England’s literature, any remarks, allow me to say,
that other contributors will favour our {220}medium of
intercommunication with, will be much appreciated by

Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie.

FOLK LORE.

Moths called Souls.—While I am upon this subject, I may
as well mention that in Yorkshire the country-people used in my youth,
and perhaps do still, call night-flying white moths, especially the
Hepialus humuli, which feeds, while in the grub state, on the
roots of docks and other coarse plants, “souls.” Have we not in all this
a remnant of “Psyche?”

F. S.

Holy Water for the Hooping Cough (vol. iii., p. 179.).—In
one of the principal towns of Yorkshire, half a century ago, it was the
practice for persons in a respectable class of life to take their
children, when afflicted with the hooping cough, to a neighbouring
convent, where the priest allowed them to drink a small quantity of holy
water out of a silver chalice, which the little sufferers were strictly
forbidden to touch. By Protestant, as well as Roman Catholic parents,
this was regarded as a remedy. Is not the superstition analogous to that
noticed by Mr. Way?

Eboracomb.

Daffy Down Dilly.—At this season, when the early spring
flowers are showing themselves, we hear the village children repeating
these lines:—

Does not this nursery rhyme throw light upon the character of the
royal visitor alluded to in the snail charm recorded by F. J. H. (p.
179.)?

Eboracomb.

DR. MAITLAND’S ILLUSTRATIONS AND ENQUIRIES
RELATING TO MESMERISM.

I know more than one person who would second the request that I am
about to make through “Notes and Queries” to
Dr. Maitland, that he would publish the remaining
parts of his Illustrations and Enquiries relating to Mesmerism: he
would do so, I know, at once, if he thought that anybody would benefit by
them; and I can bear witness to Part I. as having been already of some
use. It is high time that Christians should be decided as to whether or
no they may meddle with the fearful power whose existence is is
impossible to ridicule any longer. Dr. Maitland
has suggested the true course of thought upon the subject, and promised
to lead us along it; but it is impossible at present to use anything that
he has said, on account of its incompleteness. In tracing the subject
through history, Dr. Maitland would no doubt
mention the “Ομφαλόψυχοι,
or Umbilicani,” of the fourteenth century, whose practices make a page
(609.) of Waddington’s History of the Church read like a sketch of
Middle-age Mesmerism, contemptuously given. Also, in Washington Irving’s
Life of Mahomet, a belief somewhat similar to theirs is stated to
have been preached in the seventh century (Bohn’s Reprint in Shilling
Series, p. 191.) by a certain Moseïlma, a false prophet.

I may add that Miss Martineau’s new book, Letters of the
Development of Man’s Nature, by Atkinson and Martineau, which cannot
be called sceptical, for its unbelief is unhesitating, is the immediate
cause of my writing to-day.

A. L. R.

Minor Notes.

Original Warrant.—The following warrant from the original
in the Surrenden collection may interest some of your correspondents, as
bearing upon more than one Query that has appeared in your
columns:—

“Forasmuch as S^r John Payton, Knight, Lieutenant of the
Tower, hath heretofore receaved a warrant from the Lls. of the counsell,
by her Ma^ts commandment, for the removinge of Wright the
Preist out of the Tower, to Framingham Castle, and for that, since then,
it is thought more convenient, that he be removed to the
Clincke—Theise therefore shalbe to require now (sic) to enlarge him
of his imprisonment in the Tower, and to deliver him prisoner into the
hands of the L. Bishop of London, to be committed by his Lp. to the
Clincke, because it is for her M^ts speciall service,—for
doinge whereof, this shalbe your warrant.

“From the court at

“Oatlands this 29

“of September, 1602.

“Ro. Cecyll.

“To Mr. Anthony Deeringe,

“Deputy Lieutenant of the Tower of London.”

 

“2. October, 1602.

“I have receyed Mr. Wryght from Mr. Derynge, Deputy Lieutenant, and
have comitted him to the Clincke according the direction from Mr.
Secretary above expressed.

“Ric. London.”

L. B. L.

Gloves.—Prince Rupert.—In your First Vol., pp. 72.
405., and in other places in Vol. ii., there are notices with respect to
the presentation of gloves. If what is contained in the following
{221}paper be not generally known, it may claim
an interest with some of your readers:—

“At the Court of Whitehall, the 23rd of October, 1678. Present

The Kings most excellent Majesty,

His Highness Prince Rupert,

Lord Archbp. of Canterbury,”

[with twelve others, who are named.]

“Whereas formerly it hath been a custom upon the Consecra[~c]on of all
[~B]ps for them to make presents of Gloves to all Persons that came to
the Consecra[~c]on Dinners, and others, w^ch amounted to a
great Su[~m] of Money, and was an unnecessary burden to them, His
Ma^tie this day, taking the same into his considera[~c]on, was
thereupon pleas’d to order in Council, that for the future there shall be
no such distribu[~c]on of Gloves; but that in lieu thereof each Lord
B[~p] before his Consecra[~c]on shall hereafter pay the Su[~m] of
50l. to be employ’d towards the Rebuilding of the Cathedral Church
of St. Paul. And it was further ordered, that his Grace the Lord
Archb[~p] of Canterbury do not proceed to consecrate any B[~p] before he
hath paid the s[~d] Su[~m] of 50l. for the use aforesaid, and
produced a Receipt for the same from the Treasurer of the Money for
Rebuilding the said Church for the time being, w^ch as it is a
pious work, so will it be some ease to the respective B[~p]s, in regard
the Expense of Gloves did usually farr exceed that Sum.

“Phi. Lloyd.”

Tanner’s MSS. vol. 282. 112. al. 74.

One of your correspondents, I think, some time back asked for notices
of Prince Rupert posterior to the Restoration. Besides the mention
made of him in this paper, Echard speaks of his having the command
of one squadron of the English fleet in the Dutch war.

J. Sansom.

Inscription on a Gun (Vol. iii., p. 181.).—Your notes on
“the Potter’s and Shepherd’s Keepsakes” remind me of an old gun, often
handled by me in my youth, on the stock of which the following tetrastick
was en-nailed:—

Whether this testamentary disposition ever passed through Doctors’
Commons, I know not.

C. W. B.

Richard III. (Vol. iii., pp. 206-7.).—The statement by
Mr. Harrison, that Richard was not a “hunchback,”
is curiously “backed” by an ingenious conjecture of that very remarkable
man, Doctor John Wallis of Oxford, in his Grammatica Linguæ
Anglicanæ, first published in 1653. The passage occurs in the 2d
section of chapter 14, “De Etymologia.” Wallis is treating of the words
crook, crouch, cross, &c., and says:

“Hinc item croisado de militibus dicebatur ad bellum (quod
vocant) sanctum conscriptis (pro recuperanda terra sancta) qui à tergo
gestabant formam Crucis; et Richardus olim Rex Angliæ dicebatur
crouch-backed, non quod dorso fucrit incurvato, sed quod à tergo
gestare gestiebat formam Crucis.”

G. F. G.

Edinburgh.

Lines by Pope.—On the back of a letter in my possession,
written by the poet Gray, are the following lines in the handwriting of
his friend Mason:—

“By Mr. Pope.

“Tom Wood of Chiswick, deep divine,

To Painter Kent gave all this coin.

‘Tis the first coin, I’m bold to say,

That ever Churchman gave to Lay.”

“Wrote in Evelyn’s book of coins given by Mr. Wood to Kent: he had
objected against the word pio in Mr. Pope’s father’s epitaph.”

If these lines are not already in print, perhaps you will insert them
amongst your “Notes” as a contribution from

Robert Hotchkin.

Thimbleby Rectory, March 13. 1851.

Origin of St. Andrew’s Cross in connexion with
Scotland.—John Lesley, bishop of Ross, reports, that in the
night before the battle between Athelstan, king of England, and Hungus,
king of the Picts, a bright cross, like that whereon St. Andrew suffered,
appeared to Hungus, who, having obtained the victory, ever after bore
that figure. This happened in 819. Vide Gent. Mag. for Nov.
1732.

E. S. T.

Snail-eating (Vol. iii., p. 207.).—Your correspondent C.
W. B. does not seem to be aware that “a ragout of boror (snails)” is a
regular dish with English gypsies. Vide Borrow’s Zincali,
part i. c. v.

He has clearly not read Mr. Borrow’s remarks on the subject:

“Know then, O Gentile, whether thou be from the land of Gorgios
(England), or the Busné (Spain), that the very gypsies, who consider a
ragout of snails a delicious dish, will not touch an eel because it bears
a resemblance to a snake; and that those who will feast on a roasted
hedgehog could be induced by no money to taste a squirrel!”

Having tasted of roasted hotchiwitchu (hedgehog) myself among the
“gentle Rommanys,” I can bear witness to its delicate fatness; and though
a ragout of snails was never offered for my acceptance, I do not think
that those who consider (as most “Gorgios” do) stewed eels a delicacy
ought to be too sever on “Limacotrophists!”

Hermes.

Snail-eating.—Perhaps you will permit me to remark, in
reference to the communication of C. W. B., that snails are taken
medicinally occasionally, and are supposed to be extremely strengthening.
I have known them eagerly sought after for the meal of a consumptive
patient. As a matter of taste, too, they are by {222}some considered quite
epicurean. A gentleman whom I used to know, was in the constant habit as
he passed through the fields, of picking up the white slugs that lay in
his way, and swallowing them with more relish than he would have done had
they been oysters.

That snails make a no inconsiderable item in the bill of fare of
gypsies, and other wanderers, I proved while at Oxford, some time ago;
for passing up Shotover Hill, in the parish of Headington, I unexpectedly
came upon a camp of gypsies who were seated round a wood fire enjoying
their Sunday’s dinner: this consisted of a considerable number of large
snails roasted on the embers, and potatoes similarly cooked. On inquiry,
I was told by those who were enjoying their repast, that they were
extremely good, and were much liked by people of their class, who made a
constant practice of eating them. I need hardly say that I received a
most hospitable invitation to join in the feast, which I certainly
declined.

L. J.

Queries.

HENRY SMITH.

In Marsden’s History of the Early Puritans (a work recently
published, which will well repay perusal) there occurs (pp. 178, 179.)
the following notice of Henry Smith:—

“Henry Smith was a person of good family, and well connected; but
having some scruples, he declined preferment, and aspired to nothing
higher than the weekly Lectureship of St. Clement Danes. On a complaint
made by Bishop Aylmer, Whitgift suspended him, and silenced for a while
probably the most eloquent preacher in Europe. His contemporaries named
him the Chrysostom of England. His church was crowded to excess; and
amongst his hearers, persons of the highest rank, and those of the most
cultivated and fastidious judgment, were content to stand in the throng
of citizens. His sermons and treatises were soon to be found in the hands
of every person of taste and piety: they passed through numberless
editions. Some of them were carried abroad, and translated into Latin.
They were still admired and read at the close of nearly a century, when
Fuller collected and republished them. Probably the prose writing of
this, the richest period of genuine English literature, contains nothing
finer than some of his sermons. They are free, to an astonishing degree,
from the besetting vices of his age—vulgarity, and quaintness, and
affected learning; and he was one of the first English preachers who,
without submitting to the trammels of a pedantic logic, conveyed in
language nervous, pure, and beautiful, the most convincing arguments in
the most lucid order, and made them the ground-work of fervent and
impassioned addresses to the conscience.”

Would it not be desirable, as well in a literary as a theological
point of view, that any extant sermons of so renowned a divine should be
made accessible to general readers? At present they are too rare and
expensive to be largely useful. A brief Narrative of the Life and
Death of Mr. Henry Smith (as it is for substance related by Mr.
Thomas Fuller in his Church History), which is prefixed to an old
edition (1643) of his sermons in my possession, concludes in these
words:—

“The wonder of this excellent man’s worth is increased by the
consideration of his tender age, he dying very young (of a consumption as
it is conceived) above fifty years since, about Anno 1600.”

Thos. M^cCalmont.

Highfield, Southampton.

Minor Queries.

Owen Glendower.—Some of your Cambrian correspondents
might, through your columns, supply a curious and interesting desideratum
in historical genealogy, by contributing a pedigree, authenticated as far
as practicable by dates and authorities, and including collaterals, of
Owen Glendower, from his ancestor Griffith
Maelor, Lord of Bromfield, son of Madoc, last Prince of Powys, to the
extinction of Owen’s male line.

All Cambrian authorities are, I believe, agreed in attributing to Owen
the lineal male representation of the sovereigns of Powys; but I am not
aware that there is any printed pedigree establishing in detail, on
authentic date, his descent, and that of the collaterals of his line;
while uncertainty would seem to exist as to one of the links in the chain
of deduction, as to the fate of his sons and their descendants, if any,
as well as to the marriages and representatives of more than one of his
daughters.

I have in vain looked for the particulars I have indicated in Yorke’s
Royal Tribes of Wales; in the Welsh Heraldic Visitation
Pedigrees, lately published by the Welsh MSS. Society, under the
learned editorship of the late Sir Samuel Meyrick; and in the valuable
contributions to the genealogy of the Principality to be found in the
Landed Gentry and the Peerage and Baronetage of Mr.
Burke,—a pedigree, in other respects admirable, in the Landed
Gentry of a branch of the dynasty of Powys, omitting the intermediate
descents in question.

S. M.

Meaning of Gig-Hill.—Can any of your readers favour me
with an explanation of the following matter in local topography? There
are two places in the neighbourhood of Kingston-on-Thames distinguished
by the name of Gig-Hill^[3], although there is no indication of
anything in the land to warrant the name.

{223}

Are there any instances to be met with where the place of punishment
by the stocks or pillory in olden times, was known by that name?

There was a king of Brittany who resigned his crown, and obtained the
honours of canonisation as Saint Giguel, in the seventh century. St.
Giles, who died about the sixth century, might, perhaps, have had some
connexion with those who are traditionally believed to have been punished
on the spot; that is, if we judge by his clients, who locate themselves
under the sanctity of his name as a “Guild” or fraternity in London.

There is, however, a curious use by Shakspeare of the word gig. It
occurs in Love’s Labour’s Lost, Act V. Sc. I.:

Holofernes says,

“What is the figure?”

Moth. Horns.

Holofernes. Thou disputest like an infant. Go, whip thy
gig.”

I submit this matter, as local names have often their origin in
religious associations or in proverbial philosophy.

It has been suggested that giggle, as a mark of the derision to
which the culprit was exposed, might so become corrupted.

If the term be connected with the punishment, it would be, doubtless,
one of general application. The smallest contribution will be thankfully
received.

K.

Sir John Vaughan.—In the patent under which the barony of
Hamilton of Hackallen, in the county of Meath, was granted on the 20th of
October, in the second year of the reign of George I., to Gustavus
Hamilton, he is described as son of Sir Frederick Hamilton, Knt., by
Sidney, daughter and heiress of Sir John Vaughan, Knt.; and that the said
Dame Sidney Hamilton was descended from an honourable line of ancestors,
one of whom, Sir Will Sidney, was Chamberlain to Henry II., another of
the same name Comptroller of the Household to Henry VIII., &c.,
&c.

Can any of your genealogical friends inform me who the above-named Sir
John Vaughan married, and in what way she was connected with the Sidneys
of Penshurst, as the pedigree given by Collins contains no mention of any
such marriage?

The arms of Sir John Vaughan, which appear quartered with those of
Hamilton and Arran in the margin of the grant, are,—Argent, a
chevron sable between three infants’ heads coupled at the shoulders, each
entwined round the neck with a snake, all proper, thereby intimating his
descent from the Vaughans of Porthaml Trêtower, &c., in the county of
Brecon.

J. P. O.

Quebecca and his Epitaph.—

“Here lies the body of John Quebecca, precentor to my Lord the King.
When his spirit shall enter the Kingdom of Heaven, the Almighty will say
to the Angelic Choir, ‘Silence, ye calves! and let me hear John Quebecca,
precentor to my Lord the King.'”

Can any of your correspondents inform me who John Quebecca was, and
where the epitaph may be found?

E. Hailsture.

A Monumental Inscription.—Near the chancel door of the
parish-church of Wath-upon-Dearne, in Yorkshire, is an upright slab
inscribed to the memory of William Burroughs. After stating that he was
of Masbro’, gentleman, and that he died in the year 1722, the monument
contains the two following hexameters:—

The meaning of all which is obvious, except of the words “Orthodoxus
Itermus:” and I should be glad to have this unscanning doggrel
translated. It has been conjectured that Itermus must be derived
from iter, and hence that Burroughs may have been a
traveller, or possibly an orthodox itinerant preacher:
surely there can be no punning reference to a journeyman! The
lines have been submitted, in vain, to some high literati in Oxford.

A. G.

Ecclesfield.

Sir Thomas Herbert’s Memoirs of Charles I. (Vol. iii., p.
157.).—My friend, who is in possession of the original MS. of this
work, is desirous of ascertaining whether the volume published in 1702 be
a complete and exact copy of it. I will transcribe the commencing and
concluding passages of the MS., and shall be obliged if Mr. Bolton Corney will compare them with the book in
his possession, and tell me the result.

“S^r,

“By your’s of the 22d of August last, I find you have receaved my
former letters of the first and thirteenth of May, 1678; and seeing ’tis
your further desire,” &c.

“This briefe narrative shall conclude with the king’s owne excellent
expression: Crowns and kingdoms are not so valuable as my honour and
reputation—those must have a period with my life; but these survive
to a glorious kind of immortality when I am dead and gone: a good name
being the embalming of princes, and a sweet consecrating of them to an
eternity of love and gratitude amongst posterity.“

The present owner of the MS. has an idea that an incorrect copy was
fraudulently obtained and published about 1813. Is there any foundation
for this supposition?

Alfred Gatty.

Ecclesfield.

Comets.—Where may a correct list of the several comets
and eclipses, visible in France or England, which appeared, or took
place, between the years 1066 and 1600, be obtained?

S. P. O. R.

{224}

Natural Daughter of James II.—James II., in Souverains
du Monde (4 vols. 1722), is stated to have had a natural daughter,
who in 1706 was married to the Duke of Buckingham.

Can any of your readers inform me the name of this daughter, and of
her mother? Also the dates of her birth and death, and the name of her
husband, and of any children?

F. B. Relton.

Going the Whole Hog.—What is the origin of the expression
“going the whole hog?” Did it take its rise from Cowper’s fable, the
Love of the World reproved, in which it is shown how “Mahometans eat
up the hog?”

Σ.

Innocent Convicts.—Can any of your readers furnish a
tolerably complete list of persons convicted and executed in England, for
crimes of which it afterwards appeared they were innocent?

Σ.

The San Grail.—Can any one learned in ecclesiastical
story say what are the authorities for the story that King Arthur sent
his knights through many lands in quest of the sacred vessel used
by our Blessed Lord at His “Last Supper,” and explain why this chalice
was called the “Holy Grail” or “Grayle?” Tennyson has a short poem on the
knightly search after it, called “Sir Galahad.” And in Spenser’s
Faerie Queene, book ii. cant. x. 53., allusion is made to the
legend that “Joseph of Arimathy brought it to Britain.”

W. M. K.

Meaning of “Slums.”—In Dr. Wiseman’s Appeal to the
Reason and Good Feeling of the English People, we find the word
“slums” made use of with respect to the purlieus of Westminster Abbey.
Warren, in a note of his letter on “The Queen or the Pope?” asks “What
are ‘slums?’ And where is the word to be found explained? Is it Roman or
Spanish? There is none such in our language, at least used by
gentlemen.”

I would ask, may not the word be derived from asylum, seeing
that the precincts of abbeys, &c. used to be an asylum or place of
refuge in ancient times for robbers and murderers?

W. M. W.

Stokesley.

Bartolus’ “Learned Man Defended and Reformed.”—Can any
one inform the applicant in what modern author this excellent (and he
believes rare) book in his possession, translated from the Italian of
Daniel Bartolus, G. J., by (Sir) Thomas Salusbury, 1660, is spoken of in
terms of high approval? The passage passed before him not long ago, but
having made no note, he is unable to recover it.—Query, Is
it in Mr. Hallam’s Literary History, which he has not at hand?

U. Q.

Odour from the Rainbow.—What English poet is it that
embodies the idea contained in the following passage of Bacon’s
Sylva? I had noted it on a loose scrap of paper which I left in my
copy of the Sylva, but have lost it:—

“It hath been observed by the Ancients, that when a Raine Bow seemeth
to hang over or to touch, there breaketh forth a sweet smell. The cause
is, for that this happenth but in certain matters which have in
themselves some sweetnesse, which the Gentle Dew of the Raine Bow doth
draw forth. And the like doe soft showers; for they also make the ground
sweet. But none are so delicate as the Dew of the Raine Bow, where it
falleth. It may be also that the water itself hath some sweetnesse: for
the Raine Bow consisteth of a glomeration of small drops which cannot
possibly fall but from the Aire that is very low. And therefore may hold
giving sweetnesse of the herbs and flowers, as a distilled water,”
&c.—Bacon’s Sylva, by Rawley, 6th ed. 1651, p. 176.

Jarltzberg.

Tradesmen’s Signs.—A Citizen
wishes to be informed in what year or reign the signs that used to hang
over the tradesmen’s shop-doors were abolished, and whether it was
accomplished by “act of parliament,” or only “by the authority of the
Lord Mayor.” Also, whether there is any law now in existence that
prevents the tradesmen putting the signs up again, if they were so
disposed.

Minor Queries Answered.

Supporters borne by Commoners.—Can any of your readers
state why some commoners bear supporters, and whether the representatives
of Bannerets are entitled to do so? I find in Burke’s Dictionary of
Landed Gentry, that several gentlemen in England, Scotland, and
Ireland continue to use them. See Fulford, p. 452.; Wyse, p. 1661.;
Hay-Newton, p. 552., &c. &c.

The late Mr. Portman, father of Lord Portman, used supporters, as do
Sir W. Carew, Bart., and some other baronets.

Guinegate.

Answer to Fisher’s Relation.—I have a work published at
London by Adam Islip, an. 1620, the title-page of which bears—

“An Answere to Mr. Fisher’s Relation of a Third {225}Conference betweene a
certaine B. (as he stiles him) and himselfe. The conference was very
private till Mr. Fisher spread certaine papers of it, which in many
respects deserved an Answere. Which is here given by R. B., Chapleine to
the B. that was employed in the conference.”

Pray, who was the chaplain? I have heard he was the
after-famous Archbishop Laud.

I pray your assistance in the resolution of this Query.

J. M.

Liverpool.

Drink up Eisell (Vol. iii., p. 119.).—Here is a passage
in Troilus and Cressida, in which drink up occurs (Act IV.
Sc. 1.):

The meaning is plainly here avaler, not boire.

Here is another, which does not perhaps illustrate the passage in
Hamlet, but resembles it (Act III. Sc. 2.):

“When we vow to weep seas, live in fire, eat rocks, tame tigers,
thinking it harder for our mistress to devise imposition enough, than for
us to undergo any difficulty imposed.”

C. B.

Saxon Coin struck at Derby.—In the reign of Athelstan
there was a royal mint at Derby, and a coinage was struck, having on the
obverse merely the name of the town, Deoraby, and on the other side the
legend “HEGENREDES MO . ON . DEORABY.” What is
the meaning of this inscription?

R. C. P.

Derby, Feb. 26. 1851.

Replies.

SCANDAL AGAINST QUEEN ELIZABETH.

(Vol. ii., p. 393.; Vol. iii., pp. 11. 151. 197.)

The Marquis of Ormonde having been informed that certain statements,
little complimentary to the reputation of Queen Elizabeth, and equally
discreditable to the name of his ancestor, Thomas, Earl of Ormonde, have
appeared in “Notes and Queries,” wherein it is
stated “that the Ormonde family possess documents which afford proof of
this,” begs to assure the editor of the journal in question, that the
Ormonde collection of papers, &c. contains nothing that bears the
slightest reference to the very calumnious attack on the character of
good Queen Bess.

Hampton Court, March 17. 1851.

{226}

J. Bs. says papers are “said to exist in the
family which prove the statement.” As it is one of scandal against
a female, and that female a great sovereign, should he not ascertain the
fact of the existence of any such paper, before supporting the scandal,
and not leave a tradition to be supported by another tradition,
when a little trouble might show whether any papers exist, and when found
what their value may be.

Q. G.

THE MISTLETOE ON THE OAK.

(Vol. ii., pp. 163. 214.; Vol. iii., p. 192.)

From having been a diligent searcher for the mistletoe on the oak, I
may be allowed to make a few remarks upon the question. Is it ever found
now on other trees? Now, it not only occurs abundantly on other trees,
but it is exceedingly rare on the oak. This may be gathered from the
following list, in which numbers have been used to express comparative
frequency, as near as my observations enable me to form a
judgment:—

From this it would appear that notwithstanding the British Oak grows everywhere, it is at present only
favoured by the companionship of the mistletoe in equal ratio with two
comparatively recently introduced trees. Indeed such objection does this
parasite manifest to the brave old tree, even in his teens, that,
notwithstanding a newly-planted line of mixed trees will become speedily
attacked by it, the oak is certain to be left in his pride alone.

I have, however, seen the mistletoe on the oak in two instances during
my much wandering about amid country scenes, especially of Gloucester and
Worcester, two great mistletoe counties. One was pointed out to me by my
friend, Mr. Lees, from whom we may expect much valuable information on
this subject, in his forthcoming edition of the Botanical
Looker-out—it was on a young tree, perhaps of fifty years, in
Eastnor Park, on the Malvern chain. The other example is at
Frampton-on-Severn, to which the President of the Cotteswold Naturalists’
Club, T. B. L. Baker, Esq., and myself, were taken by Mr. Clifford, of
Frampton. The tree is full a century old, and the branch, on which was a
goodly bunch of the parasite, numbered somewhere about forty years. That
the plant is propagated by seeds there can, I think, be but little doubt,
as the seeds are so admirably adapted for the peculiar circumstances
under which alone they can propagate; and the want of attention to the
facts connected therewith, is probably the cause why the propagation of
the mistletoe by artificial means is usually a failure.

I should be inclined to think that the mistletoe never was abundant on
the oak; so that it may be that additional sanctity was conferred on the
Viscum guerneum on account of its great rarity.

James Buckman.

Cirencester.

Mistletoe upon Oak (Vol. ii., p. 214.).—Besides the
mistletoe-bearing oak mentioned by your correspondent, there is one in
Lord Somers’ park, near Malvern. It is a very fine plant, though it has
been injured by sight-seeing marauders.

H. A. B.

Trinity College, Cambridge.

Mistletoe (Vol. ii., pp. 163., 214.).—Do I understand
your correspondent to ask whether mistletoe is found now except on oaks?
The answer is, as at St. Paul’s, “Circumspice.” Just go into the country
a little. The difficulty is generally supposed to be to find it on
the oak.

C. B.

UNIVERSALITY OF THE MAXIM, “LAVORA COME
SE TU,” ETC.

(Vol. iii., p. 188.)

I have not been able to trace this sentence to its source, but it
would most probably be found in that admirable book, Monosinii Floris
Italicæ Linguæ, 4to, Venet., 1604; or in Torriano’s Dictionary of
Italian Proverbs and Phrases, folio, Lond., 1666, a book of which
Duplessis doubts the existence! Most of Jeremy Taylor’s citations from
the Italian are proverbial phrases. Your correspondent has probably
copied the phrase as it stands in Bohn’s edition of the Holy Living
and Dying, but there is a trifling variation as it stands in the
first edition of Holy Living, 1650:—

The universality of this maxim, in ages and countries remote from each
other, is remarkable. Thus we find it in the Hitopadésa:

“A wise man should think upon knowledge and wealth as if he were
undecaying and immortal. He should practise duty as if he were seized by
the hair of his head by Death.”—Johnson’s Translation, Intr.
S.

So Democratis of Abdera, more sententiously:

“Οὕτος πειρῶ
ζῆν, ὡς καὶ
ὀλίγον καὶ
πολὺν χρόνον
βιωσόμενος.”

Then descending to the fifteenth century, we {227}have it thus in the
racy old Saxon Laine Doctrinal:

Where the author of the Voyage autour de ma Chambre, Jean
Xavier Maitre, stumbled upon it, or whether it was a spontaneous thought,
does not appear; but in his pleasing little book, Lettres sur la
Vieillesse, we have it thus verbatim:

“Il faut vivre comme si l’on avoit à mourir demain, mais s’arranger en
même temps sa vie, autant que cet arrangement peut dépendre de notre
prévoyance, comme si l’on avoit devant soi quelques siècles, et même une
éternité d’existence.”

Some of your correspondents may possibly be able to indicate other
repetitions of this truly “golden sentence,” which cannot be too often
repeated, for we all know that

S. W. Singer.

Replies to Minor Queries.

Tennyson’s In Memoriam (Vol. iii., p. 142.).—

means “before the planet Venus had sunk into the sea.”

In Smith’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and
Mythology, under the word Aphrodite or Venus, we find that—

“Some traditions stated that she had sprung from the foam (ἀφρός) of
the sea which had gathered around the mutilated parts of Uranus, that had
been thrown into the sea by Kronos, after he had unmanned his
father.”—Hesiod. Theog. 190.

The allusion in the first stanza of In Memoriam is, I think, to
Shelley. The doctrine referred to is common to him and many other poets;
but he perhaps inculcates it more frequently than any other. (See
Queen Mab sub finem. Revolt of Islam, canto xii. st. 17.
Adonais, stanzas 39. 41. et passim.) Besides this, the phrase
“clear harp” seems peculiarly applicable to Shelley, who is remarkable
for the simplicity of his language.

X. Z.

Tennyson’s In Memoriam.—The word star applies in
poetry to all the heavenly bodies; and therefore, to the crescent
moon, which is often near enough to the sun to be within or to be
encircled by, the crimson colour of the sky about sunset; and the
sun may, figuratively, be called father of the moon, because he
dispenses to her all the light with which she shines; and, moreover,
because new, or waxing moons, must set nearly in the same
point of the horizon as the sun; and because that point of the horizon in
which a heavenly body sets, may, figuratively, be called its
grave; therefore, I believe the last two lines of the stanza of
the poem numbered lxxxvii., or 87, in Tennyson’s In Memoriam,
quoted by W. B. H., to mean simply—

We returned home between the hour of sunset and the setting of the
moon, then not so much as a week old.

Robert Snow.

Bishop Hooper’s Godly Confession, &c. (Vol. iii., p.
169.).—The Rev. Charles Nevinson may be
informed that there are two copies of the edition of the above work for
which he inquires, in the library of Trinity College, Dublin.

Tyro.

Dublin.

Machell’s MS. Collections for Westmoreland and Cumberland (Vol.
iii., p. 118.).—In reply to the inquiry of Edward
F. Rimbault, that gentleman may learn the extent to which the
Machell MS. collections of the Rev. Thomas Machell, who was chaplain
to King Charles II., have been examined, and published, by referring,
to Burn and Nicholson’s History of Westmoreland and Cumberland,
edit. 1778. A great part of the MS. is taken up with an account of the
antiquary’s own family, the “Mali Catuli,” or Machell’s Lords of
Crakenthorpe in Westmoreland. the papers in the library of Carlisle
contain only copies and references to the original papers, which are
carefully preserved by the present representatives of the family. There
are above one thousand deeds, charters, and other documents which I have
carefully translated and collated with a view to their being printed
privately for the use of the family, and I shall feel pleasure in
replying to any inquiry on the subject. Address:

G.P. at the Post Office, Barrow upon Humber, Lincolnshire.

Two impressions of the seal of the Abbey of Shapp (anciently Hepp),
said not to be attainable by the editors of the late splendid edition of
the Monasticon, are preserved in the Machell MSS.

Oration against Demosthenes (Vol. iii., p. 141.).—For the
information of your correspondent Kenneth R. H.
Mackenzie, I transcribe the title of the oration against
Demosthenes, for which he makes inquiry, which was not “privately
printed” as he supposes, but published last year by Mr. J. W.
Parker.

“The Oration of Hyperides against Demosthenes, respecting the Treasure
of Harpalus. The Fragments of the Greek Text, now first edited from the
Fac-simile of the MS. discovered at Egyptian Thebes in 1847; together
with other Fragments of the same Oration cited in Ancient Writers. With a
Preliminary Dissertation and Notes, and a Fac-simile of a Portion of the
MS. By Churchill Babington, M.A. London: J. W. Parker, 1850.”

The discovery of the MS. was made by Mr. {228}A. C. Harris of
Alexandria, who placed a fac-simile in the hand of Mr. Churchill
Babington, who edited it as above described.

My information is derived from an article on the work in the
Christian Remembrancer for October, 1850, to which I refer Mr. Mackenzie for further particulars.

Tyro.

Dublin

Mr. Sharpe has also published “Fragments of Orations in Accusation and
Defence of Demosthenes, respecting the money of Harpalus, arranged and
translated,” in the Journal of the Philological Society, vol. iv.;
and the German scholars Boeckh (in the Hallische
Litteratur-Zeitung for 1848) and Sauppe have also written critical
notices on the fragments; but whether their notices include the old and
new fragments, I am unable to say, having only met with a scanty
reference to their learned labours.

J. M.

Oxford.

Borrow’s Danish Ballads (Vol. iii., p. 168).—The
following is the title of Mr. Borrow’s book, referred to by Bruno:—

“Targum; or, Metrical Translations from Thirty Languages and Dialects.
By George Borrow. ‘The Raven ascended to the Nest of the
Nightingale.’—Persian Poem. St. Petersburgh. Printed by Schulz and
Beneze. 1835.”

R. W. F.

Borrow’s Danish Ballads.—The title of the work
is—

“Romantic Ballads, translated from the Danish, and Miscellaneous
Pieces; by George Borrow. 8vo. Printed by S. Wilkin, Norwich; and
published at London by John Taylor, 1826.”

In the preface it is stated that the ballads are translated from
Oehlenslöger, and from the Kiæmpé Viser, the old Norse book
referred to in Lavengro.

μ.

Head of the Saviour (Vol. iii., p. 168.).—The
correspondent who inquires about the “true likeness” of the Saviour
exposed in some of the London print-shops, is not perhaps aware that
there is preserved in the church of St. Peter’s at Rome a much more
precious and genuine portrait than the one to which he alludes—a
likeness described by its possessors as “far more sublime and venerable
than any other, since it was neither painted by the hands of men nor
angels, but by the divinity himself who makes both men and angels.” It is
not delineated upon wood or canvass, ivory, glass, or stucco, but upon “a
pocket handkerchief lent him by a holy woman named Veronica, to wipe his
face upon at the crucifixion” (Aringhi, Roma Subterran., vol. ii.
p. 543.). When the handkerchief was returned it had this genuine portrait
imprinted on its surface. It is now one of the holiest of relics
preserved in the Vatican basilica, where there is likewise a magnificent
altar constructed by Urban VIII., with an inscription commemorating the
fact, a mosaic above, illustrative of the event, and a statue of the holy
female who received the gift, and who is very properly inscribed in the
Roman catalogue of saints under the title of St.
Veronica. All this is supported by “pious tradition,” and attested
by authorities of equal value to those which establish the identity of
St. Peter’s chair. The only difficulty in the matter lies in this, that
the woman Veronica never had any corporeal existence, being no other than
the name by which the picture itself was once designated, viz., the Vera Icon, or “True Image” (Mabillon, Iter.
Ital., p. 88.). This narrative will probably relieve your
correspondent from the trouble of further inquiries by enabling him to
judge for himself whether “there is any truth” about the other true
image.

A. R., Jun.

In your 70th Number I perceived that some correspondent asked, “What
is the truth respecting a legend attached to the head of our Saviour for
some time past in the print-shops?” I ask the same question. True or
false, I found in a work entitled The Antiquarian Repertory, by
Grose, Astle, and others, vol. iii., an effigy of our Saviour, much
inferior in all respects to the above, with the following
attached:—

“This present figure is the similitude of our Lord IHV, oure Saviour imprinted in amirvld by the
predecessors of the greate turke, and sent to the Pope Innosent the 8. at
the cost of the greate turke for a token for this cawse, to redeme his
brother that was taken presonor.”

This was painted on board. The Rev. Thomas Thurlow, of Baynard’s Park,
Guildford, has another painted on board with a like inscription, to the
best of my recollection: his has a date on it, I think.

Pope Innocent VIII. was created Pope in 1484, and died in 1492.

The variation in the three effigies is an argument against the truth
of the story, or the two on board must have been ill-executed. That in
the shops is very beautiful.

The same gentleman possesses a Bible, printed by Robert Barker, and by
the assignees of John Bill, 1633; and on a slip of paper is, “Holy Bible
curiously bound in tapestry by the nuns of Little Gidding, 12mo.,
Barker.”

In a former Number a person replies that a Bible, bound by the nuns of
Gidding for Charles I., now belongs to the Marquis of Salisbury. Query
the size of that?

E. H.

Norwich, March 9.

{229}

Lady Bingham (Vol. iii., p. 61.).—If C. W. B. will refer
to the supplementary volume of Burke’s Landed Gentry, p. 159, he
will see that Sarah, daughter of John Heigham, of Giffords Hall, co.
Suffolk (son of William Heigham, of Giffords, second son of Clement
Heigham, of Giffords, second son of Thomas Heigham, of Heigham, co.
Suffolk) married, first, Sir Richard Bingham, Knt., of Melcombe Bingham,
co. Dorset, governor of Connaught in 1585, &c.; and secondly, Edward
Waldegrave, of Lawford, co. Essex. This, I presume, is the lady whose
maiden name he enquires for.

C. R. M.

Shakepeare’s Use of Captious (Vol. ii., p. 354.).—In
All’s Well that Ends Well, Act I. Sc. 3.:

has not Mr. Singer, and all the other
commentators upon this passage, overlooked a most apparent and
satisfactory solution? Is it not evident that the printer simply omitted
the vowel “a,” and that the word, as written by Shakespeare, was
“capatious,” the “t,” according to the orthography of the time,
being put for the “c” used by modern writers?

With great deference to former critics, I think this emendation is the
most probable, as it accords with the sentiment of Helena, who means to
depict her vast but unretentive sieve, into which she poured the
waters of her love.

W. F. S.

P.S.—I hope Mr. Singer and J. S. W. will
tell us what they think of this proposed alteration.

Bognor, Feb, 22. 1851.

Tanthony (Vol. iii., p. 105.).—I would suggest that the
“tanthony” at Kimbolton is a corruption or mis-pronunciation of
“tintany,” tintinnabulum. I have failed to discover any legend of
St. Anthony, confirmatory of Arun’s
suggestion.

A.

Newark, Notts., Feb. 12.

By the bye (Vol. iii., p 73.).—Is your correspondent S.
S. not aware that the phrase “Good bye” is a contraction of our
ancestors’ more devotional one of “God be wi’ ye!”

D. P. W.

Rotherhithe, Jan. 21. 1851.

Lama Beads (Vol. iii., p. 115.).—It is a pretty bold
assertion that Lama beads are derived from the Lamas of Asia.
Lamma, according to Jamieson, is simply the Scotch for
amber. He says Lamertyn steen means the same in Teutonic. I
do not find it in Wachter’s Lexicon.

Your correspondent’s note is a curious instance of the inconvenience
of half quotation. He says the Lamas are an order of priests among the
Western Tartars. I was surprised at this, since their chief strength, as
everybody knows, is in Thibet. On referring to Rees’s Cyclopædia,
I found that the words are taken from thence; but they are not wrong
there, since, by the context they have reference to China.

C. B.

Language given to Men, &c. (Vol. i., p. 83.).—The
saying that language was given to men to conceal their thoughts is
generally fathered upon Talleyrand at present. I did not know it was in
Goldsmith; but the real author of it was Fontenelle.

C. B.

Daresbury, the White Chapel of England (Vol. iii., p.
60.).—This jeu-d’esprit was an after-dinner joke of a
learned civilian, not less celebrated for his wit than his book-lore.
Some stupid blockhead inserted it in the newspapers, and it is now
unfortunately chronicled in your valuable work. It is not at all to be
wondered at that “the people in the neighbourhood know nothing on the
subject.”

Echo.

Holland Land (Vol. ii., pp. 267. 345.; Vol. iii., pp. 30.
70.).—Were not the Lincolnshire estates of Count Bentinck, a Dutch
nobleman who came over with William III., and the ancestor of the late
Lord George Bentinck, M.P. for Lynn Regis, denominated Little
Holland, which he increased by reclaiming large portions in the Dutch
manner from the Wash?

E. S. Taylor.

Passage in the Tempest (Vol. ii., p. 259, &c.).—I do
not profess to offer an opinion as to the right reading; but with
reference to the suggestion of A. E. B. (p. 338.) that it
means—

or—

allow me to refer you to the splendid passage in the De
Officiis, lib. iii. cap. i., where Cicero expresses the same
idea:—

“Pub. Scipionem,… eum, qui primus Africanus appellatus sit, dicere
solitum scripsit Cato,… Nunquam se minus otiosum esse, quam cum
otiosus; nec minus solum, quam cum solus esset. Magnifica vero vox,
et magno viro, ac sapiente digna; quæ declarat, illum et in otio de
negotiis cogitare, et in solitudine secum loqui solitum: ut neque
cessaret unquam, et interdum colloquio alterius non egeret.”

Ache.

Damasked Linen (Vol. iii., p. 13.).—I believe it has
always been customary to damask the linen used by our royal family with
appropriate devices. I have seen a cloth of Queen Anne’s, with the
“A. R.” in double cypher, surrounded by buds and flowers; and have myself
a cloth with a view of London, and inscribed “Der Konig Georg II.,” which
was purchased at Brentford, no doubt having come from Kew adjoining.

H. W. D.

Straw Necklaces (Vol. ii., p. 511.).—Having only lately
read the “Notes and Queries” (in fact, this being
the first number subscribed for), I do not know the previous allusion. It
makes me mention a curious custom at Carlisle, of the {230}servants who
wish to be hired going into the marketplace of Carlisle, or as they call
it “Carel,” with a straw in their mouths. It is fast passing away, and
now, instead of keeping the straw constantly in the mouth, they
merely put it in a few seconds if they see any one looking at them.
Anderson, in his Cumberland Ballads, alludes to the
custom:—

H. W. D.

Library of the Church of Westminster (Vol. iii., p.
152.).—The statement here quoted from the Délices de la Grande
Bretagne is scarcely likely to be correct. We all know how prone
foreigners are to misapprehension, and therefore, how unsafe it is to
trust to their observations. In this case, may not the description of the
Bibliothèque Publique, which was open night and morning, during
the sittings of the courts of justice, have originated merely from the
rows of booksellers’ stalls in Westminster-hall?

J. G. N.

The Ten Commandments (Vol. iii., p. 166.).—Waterland
(vol. vi. p. 242., 2nd edition, Oxford, 1843) gives a copy of the
Decalogue taken from an old MS. In this the first two commandments are
embodied in one. Leighton, in his Exposition of the Ten
Commandments, when speaking on the point of the manner of dividing
them, refers in a vague manner to Josephus and Philo.

R. V.

Sitting crosslegged to avert Evil (Vol. ii.,p.
407.).—Browne says:—

“To set crosselegg’d, or with our fingers pectinated or shut together,
is accounted bad, and friends will perswade us from it. The same conceit
religiously possessed the ancients, as is observable from Pliny:
‘Poplites alternis genibus imponere nefas olim;’ and also from Athenæus,
that it was an old veneficious practice.”—Vulg. Err., lib.
v. cap. xxi. § 9.

Ache.

George Steevens (Vol. iii., p. 119.).—A. Z. wishes to
know whether a memoir of George Steevens, the Shakspearian commentator,
was ever published, and what has become of the manuscripts.

I believe the late Sir James Allen Park wrote his life, but whether
for public or private circulation I cannot tell.

The late George Steevens had a relative, a Mrs. Collinson, and
daughters who lived with him at Hampstead, and with him when he died, in
Jan. 1800. Miss Collinson married a Mr. Pyecroft, whose death, I think,
is in the Gentleman’s Magazine for this month: perhaps the
Pyecroft family may give information respecting the manuscripts.

“The house he lived in at Hampstead, called the Upper Flask, was
formerly a place of public entertainment near the summit of Hampstead
Hill. Here Richardson sends his Clarissa in one of her escapes from
Lovelace. Here, too, the celebrated Kit-Cat Club used to meet in the
summer months; and here, after it became a private abode, the no less
celebrated George Steevens lived and died.”—Vide Park’s
Hampstead, pp. 250. 352.

I just recollect Mr. Steevens, who was very kind to us, as children.
My mother, who is an octogenarian, remembers him well, and says he always
took a nosegay, tied to the top of his cane, every day to Sir Joseph
Banks.

Julia R. Bockett.

Southcote Lodge, near Reading.

The Waistcoat bursted, &c. (Vol. ii., p. 505.).—The
general effect of melancholy: digestion is imperfectly performed, and
melancholy patients generally complain of being “blown up.” Bodvar’s “blowing up,” on the contrary, is the mere
effect of the generation of gases in a dead body, well illustrated by a
floating dead dog on the river side, or the bursting of a leaden
coffin.

H. W. D.

Love’s Labour’s Lost (Vol. iii., p. 163.).—Your
correspondent has very neatly and ably made out how the names of the
ladies ought to have been placed; but the error is the poet’s, not the
printer’s. It is impossible to conceive how, in printing or transcribing,
such a mistake should arise; the names are quite unlike, and several
lines distant from one another. Such forgetfulness is not very uncommon
in poets, especially those of the quickest and liveliest spirit. It is
the old mistake of Bentley and other commentators, to think that whatever
is wrong must be spurious. These, too, we must recollect, are fictitious
characters.

C. W. B.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.

Agreeing with Mr. Lower, that they who desire to know the truth as to
the earlier periods of our national history, will do wisely to search for
it among the mists and shadows of antiquity, and rather collect it for
themselves out of the monkish chronicles than accept the statements of
popular historiographers, we receive with great satisfaction the addition
to our present list of translations of such chronicles, which Mr. Lower
has given us in The Chronicle of Battel Abbey from 1066 to 1176, now
first translated, with Notes, and an Abstract of the subsequent History
of the Establishment. The original Chronicle, which is preserved
among the Cottonian MSS., though known to antiquaries and historians, was
never committed to the press until the year 1846, when it was printed by
the Anglia Christiana Society from a transcript made by the late
Mr. Petrie. Mr. Lower’s translation has been made from that edition; and
though undertaken by him as an illustration of local history, will be
found well deserving the perusal of the general reader, not only from the
light it throws upon the Norman invasion and upon the {231}history of the
abbey founded by the Conqueror in fulfilment of his vow, but also for the
pictures it exhibits of the state of society during the period which it
embraces.

Books Received.—The Embarrassment of
the Clergy in the Matter of Church Discipline. Two ably written
letters by Presbyter Anglicanus, reprinted, by request, from the
Morning Post;—Ann Ash, or the Foundling, by the
Author of ‘Charlie Burton’ and ‘The Broken Arm.’ If not quite
equal to Charlie Burton, and there are few children’s stories
which are so, it is a tale well calculated to sustain the writer’s
well-deserved reputation;—Burns and his Biographers, being a
Caveat to Cavillers, or an Earnest Endeavour to clear the Cant and
Calumnies which, for half a Century, have clung, like Cobwebs, round the
Tomb of Robert Burns.

Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson, of 93. Wellington Street, Strand, will
sell on Monday next, and five following days, the valuable Library of the
late Mr. Andrews of Bristol, containing, besides a large collection of
works of high character and repute, some valuable Historical,
Antiquarian, and Heraldic Manuscripts.

Catalogues Received.—John Gray Bell’s
(17. Bedford Street, Covent Garden) Catalogue of Autograph Letters and
other Documents; John Alex. Wilson’s (20. Upper Kirkgate, Aberdeen)
Catalogue of Cheap Books, many Rare and Curious; E. Stibbs’ (331. Strand)
Catalogue Part III. of Books in all Languages.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
WANTED TO PURCHASE.

Madame D’aulnoy’s Fairy Tales, a small old
folio. At the end of the Edition sought for, there are some Spanish
Romances: it is in one vol.

Rural Walks—Rambles Farther, by
Charlotte Smith. A Child’s Book in 4 Vols. (of the last Century).

[However ragged and worn the above may be, it does not
signify.]

Any Rare or Valuable Works relating in any way to Free Masonry.

Baronii Annales Eccles. cum cent. O. Raynaldi et
Lauterbachii. 25 Volumes.

L’Abbé Annales de Saint Pierre, Projet de Paix
Perpetuelle, 3 Vols. 12mo. Utrecht, 1713.

Chevalier Ramsay, Essai de Politique, où l’on
traite de la Nécessité, de l’Origine, des Droits, des Bornes, et des
Différentes Formes de la Souveraineté, selon les Principes de l’Auteur de
“Télémaque.” 2 Vols. 12mo. La Haye, without date, but printed in
1719.

The same, Second Edition, under the title of Essai
Philosophique sur le Gouvernement Civil, selon les Princeps de
Fénelon. 12mo. Londres, 1721.

Biblia Hebraica, cum locc. pavall. et adnott.
J. H Michaelis. Halæ Magd. 1720. Quarto preferred.

*** Letters stating particulars and lowest price, carriage
free, to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of
“NOTES AND QUERIES,” 186. Fleet Street.

Notices to Correspondents.

We are this week compelled by want of room to postpone many
interesting papers, among which we may mention one by Lord Braybrooke on Portraits of Distinguished
Englishmen, and one by Sir F. Madden on
the Collection of Pictures of Bart. del Nave purchased by Charles I.
Our next Number will be enlarged to 24 pages, so as to include these
and many other valuable communications, which are now waiting for
insertion.

Lucius Questorius. It is obvious that we
have no means of explaining the discrepancy to which our correspondent
refers. If we rightly understand his question, it is one which the
publisher alone can answer.

Enquirer (Milford). The copy of
Hudibras described is worth from fifteen to twenty shillings.

W. H. G. A coin of Aphrodisia in Caria. Has our correspondent
consulted Mr. Akerman’s Numismatic Manual?

J. N. G. G. Anania, Azaria, and Mizael, occurring in the
Benedicite, are the Hebrew names of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego.
See Daniel, i. 7.

Laudator Temporis Acti. Will our
correspondent who wrote to us under this signature enable us to address a
communication to him?

Hermes is assured that the proposal for
“showing the world that there is something worth living for beyond
external luxury” is only postponed because it jumps completely with a
plan which is now under consideration, and which it may in due time help
forward.

Replies Received.—Lines on
Woman—Meaning of Strained—Mounds or Munts—Rococo
Sea—Headings of Chapters in English Bibles—Predeceased and
Designed—Christmas Day—Ulm MS.—Bede MS.—Booty’s
Case—Good bye—Almond Tree—Snail-eating—Swearing
by Swans—Rev. W. Adams—Engraved Portraits—Laus
Tua—Nettle in—Portraits of Bishops—Passage in
Gray—Oliver Cromwell—Fifth Sons—Lady Jane of
Westmoreland—The Volpe Family—Ten Children at a
Birth—Edmund Prideaux and the first Post-office—Dr.
Thomlinson—Drax Free School—Mistletoe—Standfast’s
Cordial Comfort.

Vols. I. and II., each with very
copious Index, may still be had, price 9s. 6d. each.

Notes and Queries may be procured, by
order, of all Booksellers and Newsvenders. It is published at noon on
Friday so that our country Subscribers ought not to experience any
difficulty in procuring it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers,
&c., are, probably, not yet aware of this arrangement, which will
enable them to receive Notes and Queries
in their Saturday parcels.

All communications for the Editor of Notes and
Queries should be addressed to the care of Mr. Bell, No. 186. Fleet Street.

Errata.—No. 65., p. 68., col. 2, l. 14., should
be—

No. 70., p. 169., col. 2., 1. 43., for “Oporiensis” read
“Ossoriensis;” and line 45., for “Ossery” read
“Ossory.” No. 72., p. 213., col. 2., l. 17., for “authority” read
“authorship.”

IN ANTICIPATION OF EASTER.

THE SUBSCRIBER has prepared an ample supply of his well-known and
approved SURPLICES, from 20s. to 50s., and various devices
in DAMASK COMMUNION LINEN, well adapted for presentation to Churches.

Illustrated priced Catalogues sent free to the Clergy, Architects, and
Church wardens by post, on application to

Gilbert J. French, Bolton, Lancashire.

Just published,

H. RODD’S CATALOGUE, Part II. 1851, containing many Curious and
Valuable Books in all Languages, some rare Old Poetry, Plays,
Shakspeariana, &c. Gratis, per post, Four Stamps.

23. Little Newport Street, Leicester Square.

Fourth Edition, price 3d.

THE CANTICLES IN THE PRAYER-BOOK, with the
Gregorian Tones adapted to them: as also the
114th and 115th Psalms, and the Creed of St.
Athanasius.

Price 2s.

THE PSALTER, with the Gregorian Tones adapted
to the several Psalms.

Price 6d.

HARMONIZED GREGORIAN TONES (For “The Psalter,”
&c. W. B. H.)

John Henry Parker, Oxford and London.

Second Edition, price 3s.

A COLLECTION OF ANTHEMS used in a Cathedral and Collegiate Churches of
England and Ireland. By William Marshall, Mus.
Doc. The Appendix separate, price 1s.

John Henry Parker, Oxford and London.

{232}

Just published, in foolscap 8vo., price 5s. cloth, lettered.

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

of the

REV. WILLIAM WALFORD,

LATE CLASSICAL AND HEBREW TUTOR IN THE COLLEGE
AT HOMERTON.

Edited (with a Continuation) by John Stoughton.

London: Jackson and Walford, 18. St. Paul’s Churchyard.

WORKS BY MR. HEPWORTH DIXON.

Illustrated, in foolscap 8vo. price 6s. cloth,

A THIRD EDITION of JOHN HOWARD and the PRISON-WORLD of EUROPE.

Also, in foolscap 8vo., price 6s. cloth,

THE LONDON PRISONS; with an Account of the more Distinguished Persons
who have been confined in them.

London: Jackson and Walford, 18. St. Paul’s Churchyard.

Third Edition published this Day. In post 8vo., with numerous
Illustrations, price 8s. bound in cloth, or 17s. morocco antique,

NINEVEH AND PERSEPOLIS: An Historical Sketch of Ancient Assyria and
Persia. With an Account of the Recent Researches in those Countries. By
W. S. W. Vaux. M.A., of the British Museum.

*** This Edition has been through revised and enlarged, and several
New Illustrations introduced, from recent additions to the collection in
the British Museum.

Arthur Hall, Virtue, and Co., 25. Paternoster Row.

LITERARY AGENCY.—Mr. F. G. Tomlins
(Secretary to the Shakespeare Society; Author of a Brief View of the
English Drama: a Variorum History of England; Garcia, a Tragedy; the
Topic, the Self Educator, &c. &c.) is desirous to make it known
that a Twenty Years’ experience with the Press and Literature, as Author
and Publisher, enables him to give advice and information to Authors,
Publishers, and Persons wishing to communicate with the Public, either as
to the Editing, Advertising, or Authorship of Books, Pamphlets, or
Literary productions of any kind. Opinions obtained on Manuscripts
previous to publication, and Works edited, written, or supervised for the
Press by acknowledged writers in their various departments.

Office, 19. Southampton Street, Strand;

where works of reference for Literary Purposes may be obtained or
referred to.

Published this day, in one handsome volume 8vo., with Illustrations,
price 9s. in cloth.

THE CHRONICLE OF BATTEL ABBEY, in SUSSEX, originally compiled in Latin
by a Monk of the Establishment, and now first translated, with Notes and
an Abstract of the subsequent History of the Abbey. By Mark Antony Lower, M.A.

MR. LOWER’S OTHER PUBLICATIONS.

ESSAYS ON ENGLISH SURNAMES. The Third Edition, in 2 vols. post. 8vo.,
cloth 12s.

CURIOSITIES OF HERALDRY, with numerous Engravings, 8vo., cloth.
14s.

J. Russell Smith, 4. Old Compton Street, Soho, London.

Just published, Gratis, or sent per Post, on Receipt of
Four Stamps,

A CATALOGUE OF AUTOGRAPH LETTERS, FRANKS, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS on Sale
by John Gray Bell, 17. Bedford Street, Covent
Garden.

Just published, in 400 very large and full pages, Demy 8vo.,

Containing matter equal in quantity to 1,500 pages of an ordinary
volume 8vo. Price only 4s., or postage free, 5s., strongly
and neatly bound in cloth,

GILBERT’S COPIOUS SERIES OF PAMPHLETS on the ROMAN CATHOLIC QUESTION;
containing Important Documents of Permanent Historical Interest having
Reference to the Re-establishment of the CATHOLIC HIERARCHY IN ENGLAND,
1850-1.

The Editor of these Pamphlets deems it almost superfluous to dwell on
the paramount importance of every respectable family possessing this
volume of very special present and permanent interest. During the
discussion of the exciting matters now at issue in this all-absorbing
question, there can be no questioning the well-recognised fact that the
possession of this copious and cheap volume is essential to every
thoughtful and inquiring person in our beloved country. To enable those
who are as yet unaware of the immense mass of interesting and important
documents there are in its pages, an Index of its
Contents is issued for Gratuitous Distribution—this will
abundantly testify to the fact; and the Editor, in conclusion, thinks it
only necessary to state that, with scarcely an exception, the whole of
the documents are printed, verbatim, as they originally appeared, and in
very numerous cases they have had the additional advantage of the direct
and special revision of the authors.

The Editor deems it necessary to state his conviction that all the
important facts and documents relative to the “Roman Catholic Question”
have appeared in the pages of these Pamphlets. Doubtless, during the
progress of the Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill through the houses
of parliament many speeches of interest will be made; still the Editor
thinks they will, to a considerable extent, be merely elaborations of the
materials already in these pages, devoid of original facts or documents.
Should, however, on the conclusion of the debates, the Editor’s opinions
undergo a change, he will issue the results in the form of an Appendix to
the present volume.

*** Any persons who may wish to possess the Series or sheet containing
any specific article particularised in the Index, will be at liberty to
purchase it separately, on One Penny or Three-half-pence each sheet
respectively, or at one penny each extra post-free, through the
Publisher. Series 1 to 17 sell at 1d., and 18 to 25 at 1½d.
each, but it must be observed that each sheet or Series contains several
documents.

Published by James Gilbert, 49. Paternoster Row, London.

Agent for Scotland, J. Menzies, Bookseller, Edinborough:
for Ireland, J. M^cGlashan, Bookseller, Dublin.

Or Orders may be given to any Bookseller, Station, &c.

Just published, price 12s., fool-cap 8vo.

THE HOMŒOPATHIC HAND-BOOK and CLINICAL GUIDE for the TREATMENT
of DISEASES: a Complete Pocket-book of Homœopathic Therapeutics for
Domestic Use, as well as for Medical Practitioners. By Dr. G. H. G. Jahr. Translated from the German by D. Spillan, A.M., M.D. This is a new, full, and
complete translation from the original, with a copious Glossary and
Index. It is excellently adapted for reference in domestic practice, as
well as to assist the practitioner.

London: William Headland, 15. Princes-street,
Hanover-square.

THE WATER CURE.

THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF HYDROPATHY, along with the POPULAR
TREATMENT of MEASLES, SMALL-POX, and other Diseases. By Dr. Macleod, F.R.C.P.E., Physician to the celebrated
Wharfedale Hydropathic Establishment, Ben Rhydding, Otley, Yorkshire.
Price 3s.

Manchester: Printed and Published by Wm.
Irwin, 53. Oldham Street. London: Published by Simpkin, Marshall and Co., and Charles Gilpin.

Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 8. New
Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the parish of St. Bride,
in the City of London; and published by George
Bell, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in
the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street
aforesaid.—Saturday, March 22. 1851.